Water Circulation Driven by Cold Fronts in the Wax Lake Delta (Louisiana, USA)
Water Circulation Driven by Cold Fronts in the Wax Lake Delta (Louisiana, USA)
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DOI：
10.3390/jmse10030415
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发表时间：
2022-03
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Qian Zhang;Chunyan Li;Wei Huang;Jun Lin;M. Hiatt;V. Rivera‐Monroy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Qian Zhang;Chunyan Li;Wei Huang;Jun Lin;M. Hiatt;V. Rivera‐Monroy
大气冷锋可以周期性地产生风暴潮，并影响墨西哥湾北方（NGOM）的泥沙输运。在本文中，我们评估水循环的时空格局引起的六个大气冷锋事件在蜡湖三角洲（WLD）在路易斯安那州沿海使用的3-D水动力学模型ECOM-Si。模型模拟表明，渠化和分流间水流显着影响冷锋。整个三角洲河道网络的水量传输不仅限于主要渠道，而且还发生横向跨越渠道约占总流量的四分之一。结果表明，在锋面通过之前，三角洲上发生了明显的向陆流动，导致海岸出现正风暴潮。在锋面后阶段，沿槽流速占主导地位，而跨槽水输送发生在西南叶。根据当地的天气条件，冷锋引发的冲刷事件持续1.7至7天，可以将总水量的32-76%从系统中冲走，这是一个比以前报告更大的变化范围。从系统中冲出的水的大小不一定取决于锋面事件的持续时间。能量分配分析表明，潮下能（占总量的10-45%）和潮汐能（20-70%）的相对重要性在各站之间有很大差异，并与天气影响有关。值得注意的是，在WLD区域内，天气引起的潮下带能量（占总量的46-66%）远大于昼夜潮汐能量（占总量的13-25%）。与冬季冷锋相关的风是控制WLD水循环的主要因素，是通道网络和三角洲扩散率空间配置的主要驱动力。
Atmospheric cold fronts can periodically generate storm surges and affect sediment transport in the Northern Gulf of Mexico (NGOM). In this paper, we evaluate water circulation spatiotemporal patterns induced by six atmospheric cold front events in the Wax Lake Delta (WLD) in coastal Louisiana using the 3-D hydrodynamic model ECOM-si. Model simulations show that channelized and inter-distributary water flow is significantly impacted by cold fronts. Water volume transport throughout the deltaic channel network is not just constrained to the main channels but also occurs laterally across channels accounting for about a quarter of the total flow. Results show that a significant landward flow occurs across the delta prior to the frontal passage, resulting in a positive storm surge on the coast. The along-channel current velocity dominates while cross-channel water transport occurs at the southwest lobe during the post-frontal stage. Depending on local weather conditions, the cold-front-induced flushing event lasts for 1.7 to 7 days and can flush 32–76% of the total water mass out of the system, a greater range of variability than previous reports. The magnitude of water flushed out of the system is not necessarily dependent on the duration of the frontal events. An energy partitioning analysis shows that the relative importance of subtidal energy (10–45% of the total) and tidal energy (20–70%) varies substantially from station to station and is linked to the weather impact. It is important to note that within the WLD region, the weather-induced subtidal energy (46–66% of the total) is much greater than the diurnal tidal energy (13–25% of the total). The wind associated with cold fronts in winter is the main factor controlling water circulation in the WLD and is a major driver in the spatial configuration of the channel network and delta progradation rates.