Prevalence, incidence, and progression of myopia of school children in Hong Kong
Prevalence, incidence, and progression of myopia of school children in Hong Kong
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DOI：
10.1167/iovs.03-1151
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发表时间：
2004-04-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Chew, SJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fan, DSP;Lam, DSC;Chew, SJ
目的.了解香港地区中国儿童近视的患病率、发病率和进展情况。最初进行了横断面调查。12个月后进行纵向随访研究。共有7560名平均年龄为9.33岁（95%置信区间[CI] = 9.11 - 9.45;范围，5 - 16岁）的儿童参加了这项研究。平均等效球镜屈光度（SER）为-0.33 D（SD = 11.56;范围：-13.13至+14.25 D）。近视（SER ≤-0.50D）是最常见的屈光不正，占36.71% ± 2.87%（SD）。近视患病率与年龄呈正相关。11岁的儿童患近视的可能性几乎是7岁以下儿童的15倍（比值比[OR] = 14.81; 95%CI = 14.17 - 15.48）。近视发病率为每年每1000名小学生144.1 +/- 2.31（标准差）。年龄增加与近视发生率增加相关，11岁儿童的近视发生率最高（OR = 2.27; 95%CI = 2.11 - 2.44）。在研究开始时，近视儿童（SER ≤-0.50 D）的SER年平均变化为-0.63 D（SD = 3.44），而非近视儿童的SER年平均变化为-0.29 D（SD = 2.96）（P < 0.001）。研究结果显示，香港儿童近视的患病率和发展程度远高于西方国家。这些发现的长期社会经济影响值得进一步研究。
PURPOSE. To determine the prevalence, incidence, and progression of myopia of Chinese children in Hong Kong.METHODS. A cross-sectional survey was initially conducted. A longitudinal follow-up study was then conducted 12 months later.RESULTS. A total of 7560 children of mean age 9.33 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 9.11 - 9.45; range, 5 - 16) participated in the study. Mean spherical equivalent refraction (SER) was - 0.33 D (SD = 11.56; range, - 13.13 to + 14.25 D). Myopia ( SER less than or equal to - 0.50 D) was the most common refractive error and was found in 36.71% +/- 2.87% (SD) of children. Prevalence of myopia correlated positively with older age. Children aged 11 years were almost 15 times more likely to have myopia than were children younger than 7 years (Odds ratio [OR] = 14.81; 95% CI = 14.17 - 15.48). Incidence of myopia was 144.1 +/- 2.31 ( SD) per 1000 primary school children per annum. Increasing age was correlated with increased incidence of myopia, with highest risk in children ages 11 years (OR = 2.27; 95% CI = 2.11 - 2.44). The average annual change in SER for children with myopia (SER less than or equal to - 0.50 D) was - 0.63 D (SD = 3.44) compared with - 0.29 D (SD = 2.96) for those who were not myopic at the beginning of the study ( P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS. The results show that the prevalence and progression of myopia in Hong Kong children was much higher than those previously reported in Western countries. The long-term socioeconomic impact of these findings warrants further studies.