Geochemical and isotope analysis of produced water from the Utica/Point Pleasant Shale, Appalachian Basin
Geochemical and isotope analysis of produced water from the Utica/Point Pleasant Shale, Appalachian Basin
复制标题
阿巴拉契亚盆地尤蒂卡/波因特普莱森特页岩产出水的地球化学和同位素分析
DOI：
10.1039/d0em00066c
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Burgos, W. D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tasker, T. L.;Warner, N. R.;Burgos, W. D.
虽然尤蒂卡/波因特普莱森特页岩（UPP）的开发在俄亥俄州（美国）是广泛的，并且在宾夕法尼亚州和西弗吉尼亚州增加，很少有研究报道来自UPP威尔斯井的产出沃茨的化学性质。这些数据对于开发处理和废物处置的最佳管理实践或在意外泄漏事件中识别流体具有重要意义。在这里，我们评估了来自俄亥俄州、宾夕法尼亚州和西弗吉尼亚州26口威尔斯井的UPP生产沃茨水的元素和同位素化学成分，以确定可用于法医研究的任何独特的流体化学成分。与马塞勒斯相比，UPP产出沃茨中总镭（226 Ra +228 Ra）活度和228 Ra/226 Ra比值较高。与Marcellus页岩一样，元素比（Sr/Ca）和同位素比（87 Sr/86 Sr）可将UPP产出的沃茨与许多常规油气层区分开来。Sr/Ca和87Sr/86Sr比值可以对淡水中的小部分（约0.1%）UPP采出水进行指纹识别。然而，因为Marcellus和UPP产出的沃茨显示出相似的主要元素化学性质（即，Na、Ca、Cl）和Sr/Ca、87 Sr/86 Sr、228 Ra/226 Ra比值的重叠比值可能是区分这些沃茨的最佳示踪剂。
While development of the Utica/Point Pleasant Shale (UPP) is extensive in Ohio (U.S.) and increasing in Pennsylvania and West Virginia, few studies report the chemistry of produced waters from UPP wells. These data have important implications for developing best management practices for handling and waste disposal, or identifying the fluid in the event of accidental spill events. Here, we evaluated the elemental and isotope chemistry of UPP produced waters from 26 wells throughout Ohio, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia to determine any unique fluid chemistries that could be used for forensic studies. Compared to the Marcellus, UPP produced waters contain higher activities of total radium (226Ra + 228Ra) and higher 228Ra/226Ra ratios. As with the Marcellus Shale, elemental ratios (Sr/Ca) and isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr) can distinguish UPP produced waters from many conventional oil and gas formations. Sr/Ca and 87Sr/86Sr ratios can fingerprint small fractions (∼0.1%) of UPP produced water in freshwater. However, because Marcellus and UPP produced waters display similar major elemental chemistry (i.e., Na, Ca, and Cl) and overlapping ratios of Sr/Ca and 87Sr/86Sr, 228Ra/226Ra ratios may be the best tracer to distinguish these waters.