Individual differences in sensitivity to reward and punishment and neural activity during reward and avoidance learning
Individual differences in sensitivity to reward and punishment and neural activity during reward and avoidance learning
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DOI：
10.1093/scan/nsv007
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发表时间：
2015-09-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Hamann, Stephan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kim, Sang Hee;Yoon, HeungSik;Hamann, Stephan
在这项功能性神经影像学研究中，我们研究了在学习获得金钱奖励和避免金钱损失的过程中的神经激活，以及这些激活如何受到奖励和惩罚敏感性的个体差异的调节。健康的年轻志愿者进行了一项强化学习任务，他们选择了两个分形刺激与金钱收益（奖励试验）或避免金钱损失（避免试验）。使用行为抑制/激活量表（BIS/BAS）评估对奖励和惩罚的特质敏感性。功能性神经影像学结果显示，在奖励试验的预期和接受期间，纹状体被激活。在回避试验中，背侧纹状体和前额叶区域被激活，正如预期的那样，奖励敏感性的个体差异与奖励接受过程中左右腹侧纹状体的激活呈正相关。惩罚敏感性的个体差异与回避预期过程中左侧背侧纹状体的激活以及接受金钱损失过程中右侧眶额皮层的激活呈负相关。这些结果表明，获得奖励的学习和避免损失的学习依赖于可分离的神经区域，这些区域的活动受到对奖励或惩罚的特质敏感性的调节。
In this functional neuroimaging study, we investigated neural activations during the process of learning to gain monetary rewards and to avoid monetary loss, and how these activations are modulated by individual differences in reward and punishment sensitivity. Healthy young volunteers performed a reinforcement learning task where they chose one of two fractal stimuli associated with monetary gain (reward trials) or avoidance of monetary loss (avoidance trials). Trait sensitivity to reward and punishment was assessed using the behavioral inhibition/ activation scales (BIS/BAS). Functional neuroimaging results showed activation of the striatum during the anticipation and reception periods of reward trials. During avoidance trials, activation of the dorsal striatum and prefrontal regions was found. As expected, individual differences in reward sensitivity were positively associated with activation in the left and right ventral striatum during reward reception. Individual differences in sensitivity to punishment were negatively associated with activation in the left dorsal striatum during avoidance anticipation and also with activation in the right lateral orbitofrontal cortex during receiving monetary loss. These results suggest that learning to attain reward and learning to avoid loss are dependent on separable sets of neural regions whose activity is modulated by trait sensitivity to reward or punishment.