Significance of biological resource collection and tumor tissue bank creation.
Significance of biological resource collection and tumor tissue bank creation.
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DOI：
10.4251/wjgo.v2.i1.5
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发表时间：
2010-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Ying‐yan Yu;Zheng‐gang Zhu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ying‐yan Yu;Zheng‐gang Zhu
胃肠道肿瘤分子肿瘤学的进展依赖于高质量的肿瘤组织进行研究。最近，新技术平台的加速发展以及“组学”革命增加了对组织和外周血在DNA、mRNA和蛋白质水平上进行研究的需求。组织库的建立成为优先事项。肿瘤组织库是组织起来收集、储存和分发肿瘤和正常组织样本以进一步用于基础和转化癌症研究的设施。通常在切除后立即获得样品，然后进行固定，以确保蛋白质和核酸的最佳保存。外科医生或病理学家可以在常规解剖过程中前瞻性地收集新鲜组织。大多数组织库都是“项目驱动”的肿瘤库，这是他们研究所基于的肿瘤样本的专门集合。系统收集所有可用的肿瘤组织要罕见得多。高质量的组织库需要临床医生和基础科学家的合作，也需要患者的知情同意和伦理批准。通过规范的操作程序，速冻新鲜组织的采集、保存和冻存组织的质量控制是组织库建设和维护的关键。建立组织库的目的是提高胃肠道肿瘤基础研究和转化研究的质量和速度。质量保证和质量控制基于病理学家对HE染色切片或触摸印片细胞学的审查。
Progress in the molecular oncology of gastrointestinal carcinomas depends on high quality cancer tissues for research. Recent acceleration on new technological platforms as well as the "omics" revolution increases the demands on tissues and peripheral blood for research at the DNA, mRNA and protein levels. Tissue bank creation emerges as a priority. Tumor tissue banks are facilities that are organized to collect, store and distribute samples of tumor and normal tissue for further use in basic and translational cancer research. The samples are generally obtained immediately after excision, prior to fixation, to ensure optimal preservation of proteins and nucleic acids. It is possible for surgeons or pathologists to collect fresh tissue prospectively during their routine dissection procedures. Most tissue banks are "project-driven" tumor banks, which are specialized collections of tumor samples on which their research is based. Systematic collection of all available tumor tissue is much rarer. High quality tissue banks need the collaboration of clinicians and basic scientists, but also the informed consent of patients and ethical approval. Through the standard operation procedure, snap frozen fresh tissue collection, storage and quality control for cryopreserved tissues are the pivotal factors on tissue bank construction and maintaining. The purpose of the tissue bank creation is enhancing the quality and speed on both the basic and translational research on gastrointestinal cancer. The quality assurance and quality control are handled based on reviewing HE staining slides or touch imprint cytology by pathologists.