Neighborhood racial composition, social capital and black all-cause mortality in Philadelphia
Neighborhood racial composition, social capital and black all-cause mortality in Philadelphia
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.02.005
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发表时间：
2009-05-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Armstrong, Katrina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hutchinson, Rebbeca N.;Putt, Mary A.;Armstrong, Katrina
种族构成和社会资本等社区特征与健康结果广泛相关，但这些特征与少数民族人口健康之间的关系方向存在争议。鉴于这种不确定性，我们研究了1997年至2000年间费城68个社区的社区种族构成、社会资本和黑人全因死亡率之间的关系。来自美国人口普查、费城健康管理公司2004年宾夕法尼亚州东南部社区健康调查和城市人口统计的数据通过人口普查区联系起来，然后汇总到社区，作为分析单位。邻里社会资本是通过受访者评估的总结性得分来衡量的：他们社区的宜居性，邻居互相帮助的可能性，他们的归属感，以及邻居的可信赖性。在对社区居民的社会人口学特征进行调整后，黑人年龄调整后的全因死亡率在黑人居民比例较低的社区显着更高。社区社会资本也与较低的黑人死亡率有关，社会资本得分上半部分的社区关系最强。种族构成与社会资本之间存在显著的交互作用，即社会资本对死亡率的影响在黑人居民比例较高的社区中最大，在社会资本较高的社区中种族构成的影响最大。这些结果表明，年龄调整的全因黑人死亡率是最低的，主要是黑人社区在费城高水平的社会资本。2009爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Neighborhood characteristics such as racial composition and social capital have been widely linked to health outcomes, but the direction of the relationship between these characteristics and health of minority populations is controversial. Given this uncertainty, we examined the relationship between neighborhood racial composition, social capital, and black all-cause mortality between 1997 and 2000 in 68 Philadelphia neighborhoods. Data from the U.S. Census, the Philadelphia Health Management Corporation's 2004 Southeast Pennsylvania Community Health Survey, and city vital statistics were linked by census tract and then aggregated into neighborhoods, which served as the unit of analysis. Neighborhood social capital was measured by a summative score of respondent assessments of: the livability of their community, the likelihood of neighbors helping one another, their sense of belonging, and the trustworthiness of their neighbors. After adjustment for the sociodemographic characteristics of neighborhood residents, black age-adjusted all-cause mortality was significantly higher in neighborhoods that had lower proportion of black residents. Neighborhood social capital was also associated with lower black mortality, with the strongest relationship seen for neighborhoods in the top half of social capital scores. There was a significant interaction between racial composition and social capital, so that the effect of social capital on mortality was greatest in neighborhoods with a higher proportion of black residents and the effect of racial composition was greatest in neighborhoods with high social capital. These results demonstrate that age-adjusted all-cause black mortality is lowest in mostly black neighborhoods with high levels of social capital in Philadelphia. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.