Why are newly qualified motorists at high crash risk? Modelling driving behaviours across the first six months of driving.
Why are newly qualified motorists at high crash risk? Modelling driving behaviours across the first six months of driving.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aap.2022.106832
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发表时间：
2022-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Rowe;C. Stride;Marianne R. Day;A. Thompson;F. McKenna;D. Poulter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Rowe;C. Stride;Marianne R. Day;A. Thompson;F. McKenna;D. Poulter
新手司机撞车的风险在开车的头几个月急剧下降。我们探讨在此期间驾驶的特点，以确定行为，可能会导致这种变化的risk.MethodsWe进行了一项横断面研究，1456英国司机年龄在17-21岁，在六个月内获得他们的执照。我们研究了各种形式的驾驶暴露，如每周里程和夜间驾驶，与执照的持续时间有关。我们探讨了因素结构的早期驾驶发展问卷（EDD-Q），一种新的工具，旨在衡量安全相关的态度和行为，在最近合格的司机。我们研究了派生因素的关系执照duration.ResultsThere很少有证据表明，更大的风险驾驶情况下，更常见的是在那些较短的执照持续时间。探索性和验证性因素分析确定了EDD-Q因素，测量风险风格（12项），技能缺陷（8项）和驾驶信心（4项）。持牌时间与冒险风格和信心呈正相关，这些关系更强的老年新手。执照期限也与技能缺陷呈负相关（即，positively correlated with the perceived driving skill development）：这种关系在年轻novice.ConclusionsThe负相关执照持续时间和技能的缺陷是一致的，减少新手碰撞参与的经验获得的观察。EDD-Q提供了一种新的异常驾驶简要衡量标准，专门为新获得资格的驾驶员量身定制。
ObjectiveNovice driver crash risk diminishes steeply over the first few months of driving. We explore the characteristics of driving over this period to identify behaviours that might underlie this change in risk.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study of 1456 UK drivers aged 17–21 within six months of gaining their licence. We examined how various forms of driving exposure, such as weekly mileage and driving at night, were related to duration of licencing. We explored the factor structure of the Early Driving Development Questionnaire (EDD-Q); a new instrument designed to measure safety relevant attitudes and behaviours in recently qualified drivers. We examined the relationship of the derived factors to licence duration.ResultsThere was little evidence that greater exposure to risky driving situations was more common in those with shorter licence durations. Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses identified EDD-Q factors measuring risky style (12 items), skill deficiencies (8 items) and driving confidence (4 items). Licence duration was positively correlated with both risky style and confidence, with these relationships stronger for older novices. Licence duration was also negatively related to skill deficiencies (i.e., positively correlated with perceived driving skill development): this relationship was stronger in younger novices.ConclusionsThe negative correlation between license duration and skill deficiencies is consistent with the observation of decreasing novice crash involvement as experience is gained. The EDD-Q offers a new brief measure of aberrant driving that is specifically tailored for newly qualified drivers.