The Epidemiological and Molecular Aspects of Influenza H5N1 Viruses at the Human-Animal Interface in Egypt
The Epidemiological and Molecular Aspects of Influenza H5N1 Viruses at the Human-Animal Interface in Egypt
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0017730
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发表时间：
2011-03-21
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Ali, Mohamed A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kayali, Ghazi;Webby, Richard J.;Ali, Mohamed A.
2006年3月至2010年12月期间，埃及有119例确诊病例，在报告人感染H5 N1流感病毒的国家中排名第二。2009-2010年，埃及报告了68例新的人间病例，成为H5 N1感染的新中心。我们进行了流行病学和分子分析，以便更好地了解埃及的情况。新病例的发病高峰在每年的冬季和春季，大多数病例报告在尼罗河三角洲地区。大多数病例小于18岁（62%），女性（60%）。总病死率为34%，并随年龄增长而显著增加。女性和男性之间的病死率有显著差异。我们观察到2009年病死率（10%）显著下降（p = 0.004），而其他年份病死率较高（36%-56%）。在症状发作后2或3天内住院可显著降低死亡率。分子分析表明，在埃及，从鸟类和人类身上分离出的病毒确实存在变异，这些变异在2009年的病毒中尤其明显。由于埃及病例的流行病学特征与其他国家不同，迫切需要进行前瞻性研究，以加强我们对人感染H5 N1禽流感病毒的发病率、流行率和毒力决定因素的了解。
With 119 confirmed cases between March 2006 and December 2010, Egypt ranks second among countries reporting human H5N1 influenza virus infections. In 2009-2010, Egypt reported 68 new human cases and became the new epicenter for H5N1 infections. We conducted an epidemiological and molecular analysis in order to better understand the situation in Egypt. The onset of new cases peaked annually during the winter and spring months, with majority of cases reported in the Nile Delta region. Most cases were less than 18 years old (62%) and females (60%). The overall case-fatality rate was 34% and significantly increased by age. There was a significant difference between the case-fatality rates among females and males. We observed a significant drop (p = 0.004) in case fatality rate in 2009 (10%) as compared to higher rates (36%-56%) in other years. Hospitalization within 2 or 3 days after onset of symptoms significantly decreased mortality. Molecular analysis showed that variations do occur among viruses isolated from birds as well as from humans in Egypt, and these mutations were especially noted in 2009 viruses. As the epidemiological profile of Egyptian cases differs from other countries, there is an urgent need to conduct prospective studies to enhance our understanding of incidence, prevalence, and determinants of virulence of human infections with avian H5N1 influenza viruses.