Diabetic macular edema: new concepts in patho-physiology and treatment.
Diabetic macular edema: new concepts in patho-physiology and treatment.
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DOI：
10.1186/2045-3701-4-27
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
7.5
通讯作者：
Gillies MC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang X;Zeng H;Bao S;Wang N;Gillies MC
糖尿病性黄斑水肿（DME）是一种严重的眼部并发症，主要由高血糖引起，是失明的主要原因之一。DME以囊性视网膜增厚或脂质沉积为特征，治疗成功后易复发。DME是一个复杂的病理过程，包括内外血视网膜屏障的破坏、氧化应激、血管内皮生长因子水平升高等多种因素，临床前和临床研究均已证实。斯塔林定律理论解释了二甲醚的许多特征。早期发现和治疗DME可预防视力丧失。目前对二甲醚的有效干预措施包括治疗全身危险因素，如血糖升高、血压升高和血脂异常。眼科治疗包括激光光凝、手术和眼内药物治疗。近年来出现了通过眼内注射给药的新药，成为二甲醚（DME）的一线治疗方法。二甲醚影响中央黄斑并伴有视力丧失。激光光凝仍然是治疗不累及中央黄斑的二甲醚的金标准。这篇综述概述了这些新的治疗方法，特别强调了它们如何给予的最佳时机。
Diabetic macular edema (DME), a serious eye complication caused primarily by hyperglycemia, is one of the major causes of blindness. DME, which is characterized by cystic retinal thickening or lipid deposition, is prone to relapse after successful treatment. DME is a complex pathological process caused by multiple factors, including breakdown of the inner and outer blood-retinal barriers, oxidative stress, and elevated levels of vascular endothelial growth factor which have been demonstrated in both preclinical and clinical studies. Starling’s law theory explains many of the features of DME. Early detection and treatment of DME can prevent vision loss. Current effective interventions for DME include treatment of systemic risk factors, such as elevated blood glucose, blood pressure and dyslipidemia. Ophthalmic treatments include laser photocoagulation, surgery and intraocular pharmacotherapy. New drugs, which are given by intraocular injection, have emerged in recent years to become first line treatment for DME that affects the central macula with loss of vision. Laser photocoagulation is still the gold standard of treatment for DME which does not involve the central macular. This review outlines these new treatments with particular emphasis on the optimal timing of how they are given.
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影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Asnaghi, V;Gerhardinger, C;Lorenzi, M
通讯作者：
Lorenzi, M
影响因子：
7.8
作者：
DelMaschio, A;Zanetti, A;Corada, M;Rival, Y;Ruco, L;Lampugnani, MG;Dejana, E
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Dejana, E
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Lorenzi, M
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Ksiazek, Andrzej
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Antonetti, DA;Barber, AJ;Gardner, TW
通讯作者：
Gardner, TW