Organ transplantation and gut microbiota: current reviews and future challenges
Organ transplantation and gut microbiota: current reviews and future challenges
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器官移植和肠道微生物群：当前回顾和未来挑战
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Wei Yang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jie Xiao;Zhao Peng;Yuxiao Liao;Hui Sun;Weiqiang Chen;Xing Chen;Zhanjie Wei;Chuanlei Yang;Andreas K Nüssler;Jinping Liu;Wei Yang
器官移植往往是终末期疾病（如心脏、肝脏、肾脏和小肠衰竭）患者唯一有效的治疗方法，在世界范围内经常进行。移植后的并发症仍然是健康和危及生命的结果，需要解决。近年来，随着分子技术的快速发展，越来越多的研究人员认识到肠道微生物群可能在人类疾病中起着至关重要的作用。肠道微生物群已被证明对宿主具有消化食物、调节代谢、促进血管生成和调节免疫系统等多种功能。一些研究调查了移植后患者肠道微生物群的变化，并观察到与移植前相比，肠道微生物群发生了显著变化。由于上述特点，肠道菌群可用于器官移植临床预后的预测。此外，FMT（粪便微生物群移植）、益生菌和益生元作为最新的治疗方法，在一些疾病，如艰难梭菌感染、炎症性肠病等慢性疾病中已得到证实，也可作为器官移植的预后工具。本文就肠道菌群与器官移植的关系以及粪便菌群移植、移植后给予益生菌和益生元等新疗法的潜在应用进行综述，为今后器官移植领域的研究提供一些思路。
Organ transplantation is often the only effective treatment for patients with end-stage diseases, such as heart, liver, kidney and small bowel failure and is carried out frequently worldwide. Still the post-transplantation complications remain health- and life-threatening outcome that needed to be resolved. With the rapid development of molecular technologies in recent years, more and more researchers realize that the gut microbiota may play a critical role in human diseases. The intestinal microbiome has been proved to provide a lot of functions to the host, such as digesting food, modulating metabolism, promoting angiogenesis and regulating the immune system. Several studies have investigated the alteration of intestinal microbiota in post-transplantation patients and observed significant changes in the intestinal microbiome compared to the pre-transplant condition. Due to the abovementioned features that the gut microbiota may be used in the prognosis of clinical outcome of organ transplantation. In addition, the FMT (fecal microbiota transplantation), probiotics and prebiotics as the newest therapy methods, effectiveness of which has been verified in some diseases, such as Clostridium difficile infection, inflammatory bowel disease and other chronic disorders, might be used as the prognosis tool in organ transplantation as well. The purpose of this present review is to elucidate the relationship between gut microbiota and organ transplantation as well as the potential use of new therapies like fecal microbiota transplantation, probiotic and prebiotic administration after the transplantation, and provide some ideas for future researches in field of organ transplantation.