CD4 T cells and their antigens in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diabetes.

CD4 T cells and their antigens in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diabetes.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.coi.2011.08.004
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发表时间:
2011-12
影响因子:
7
通讯作者:
Cooke A
Cooke A
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Haskins K;Cooke A

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1型糖尿病(T1D)的发病机制是由效应性T细胞介导的,CD4 Th1和Th17 T细胞在这一过程中起重要作用。虽然Th1细胞的效应子功能已得到很好的确立,但由于Th17细胞的固有可塑性,其争议更大。Th17细胞有助于致病性,但一些研究表明,Th17细胞通过在体内转化为Th1细胞来转移疾病。CD4 T细胞被β细胞抗原吸引到胰岛,β细胞抗原包括胰岛素和两种新的自身抗原,嗜铬粒蛋白A和胰岛淀粉样多肽,所有分泌颗粒的蛋白质。胰岛素和ChgA的肽以非常规方式结合NOD II类分子,并且由于自身抗原肽通常可以以低亲和力结合MHC,因此假定β细胞肽的翻译后修饰可能有助于肽、MHC和自身反应性TCR之间的相互作用。
Pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) is mediated by effector T cells and CD4 Th1 and Th17 T cells have important roles in this process. While effector function of Th1 cells is well established, due to their inherent plasticity Th17 cells have been more controversial. Th17 cells contribute to pathogenicity, but several studies indicate that Th17 cells transfer disease through conversion to Th1 cells in vivo. CD4 T cells are attracted to islets by β-cell antigens which include insulin and the two new autoantigens, chromogranin A and islet amyloid polypeptide, all proteins of the secretory granule. Peptides of insulin and ChgA bind to the NOD class II molecule in an unconventional manner and since autoantigenic peptides may typically bind to MHC with low affinity, it is postulated that post-translational modifications of β-cell peptides could contribute to the interaction between peptides, MHC, and the autoreactive TCR.
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