Induction of plant volatiles by herbivores with different feeding habits and the effects of induced defenses on host-plant selection by thrips
Induction of plant volatiles by herbivores with different feeding habits and the effects of induced defenses on host-plant selection by thrips
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DOI：
10.1007/s10886-007-9273-6
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发表时间：
2007-05-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
De Moraes, Consuelo M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Delphia, Casey M.;Mescher, Mark C.;De Moraes, Consuelo M.
植物对咀嚼型昆虫攻击的诱导反应已被深入研究，但对植物对非咀嚼型昆虫或多种不同食性的食草动物攻击的反应知之甚少。我们研究了烟草的挥发性排放，烟草，在响应喂养的刺吸昆虫西方花蓟马（WFT），花蓟马，咀嚼草食动物Heliothis virescens，和两个草食动物同时。此外，我们还研究了植物防御对寄主植物选择的影响。植物对蓟马的反应是持续释放五种化合物。WFT和H. virescens引发了同样的11种化合物，在单独的毛虫进食的反应中释放;然而，两种化合物，α-蛇麻烯和氧化亚麻酸，在同时的食草动物中产生了更大量的反应。在选择试验中，蓟马一贯喜欢未诱导的植物超过所有其他治疗和首选的毛虫和毛虫唾液处理的那些与毛虫杀虫剂处理的植物受损。该结果与先前的发现一致，即与被毛毛虫损害的植物或用毛毛虫唾液处理的植物相比，毛毛虫驱避剂诱导释放显著更多的挥发性尼古丁。通过用释放挥发性尼古丁的隔膜包围未受伤的植物证实了尼古丁对WFT的驱避作用。我们的研究结果提供了第一个直接的证据，蓟马喂养诱导挥发性的反应，并表明，同时草食性昆虫与不同的食性可以改变挥发性的排放。此外，研究结果表明，诱导植物的反应影响寄主植物选择WFT和挥发性尼古丁的诱导可能在这个过程中发挥作用。
Induced plant responses to attack by chewing insects have been intensively studied, but little is known about plant responses to nonchewing insects or to attack by multiple herbivores with different feeding habits. We examined volatile emissions by tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum, in response to feeding by the piercing-sucking insect western flower thrips (WFT), Frankliniella occidentalis, the chewing herbivore Heliothis virescens, and both herbivores simultaneously. In addition, we examined the effects of herbivoreinduced plant defenses on host-plant selection by WFT. Plants responded to thrips feeding by consistently releasing five compounds. Simultaneous feeding by WFT and H. virescens elicited the same 11 compounds emitted in response to caterpillar feeding alone; however, two compounds, alpha-humulene and caryophyllene oxide, were produced in greater amounts in response to simultaneous herbivory. In choice tests, thrips consistently preferred uninduced plants over all other treatments and preferred plants damaged by caterpillars and those treated with caterpillar saliva over those treated with caterpillar regurgitant. The results are consistent with a previous finding that caterpillar regurgitant induces the release of significantly more volatile nicotine than plants damaged by caterpillars or plants treated with caterpillar saliva. A repellent effect of nicotine on WFT was confirmed by encircling unwounded plants with septa releasing volatile nicotine. Our results provide the first direct evidence that thrips feeding induces volatile responses and indicates that simultaneous herbivory by insects with different feeding habits can alter volatile emissions. In addition, the findings demonstrate that induced plant responses influence host-plant selection by WFT and suggest that the induction of volatile nicotine may play a role in this process.