Activating and reactivating pairs of nested collapses during caldera‐forming eruptions: Campi Flegrei (Italy)
Activating and reactivating pairs of nested collapses during caldera‐forming eruptions: Campi Flegrei (Italy)
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在火山喷发过程中激活和重新激活成对的嵌套塌陷：Campi Flegrei（意大利）
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发表时间：
2008
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通讯作者：
V. Acocella
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作者：
V. Acocella
给出了地球上最危险的火山口之一Campi Flegrei Caldera （CFC; Italy）的结构模型。来自北（外）缘的数据表明，这是在那不勒斯黄凝灰岩侵位（~ 15 ka）后不久由下陷形成的。坎帕尼亚Ignimbrite （CFC的另一次大喷发；约39 ka）的深度位移也表明了埋藏的火山口断层的活动。因此，在坎帕期Ignimbrite喷发期间，北缘被激活为破火山口绑定断层，而在那不勒斯黄凝灰岩喷发期间，北缘被激活为下凹陷。先前公布的数据显示，在坎帕尼亚伊格尼姆布里特火山喷发期间形成的南部内部坍塌结构，在那不勒斯黄色凝灰岩喷发期间重新激活。因此，CFC由两个嵌套的凹陷组成，它们都在坎帕尼亚Ignimbrite和那不勒斯黄色凝灰岩喷发期间活跃，但崩塌的程度不同。CFC是两个嵌套破火山口如何形成的一个主要例子：(1)在同一崩塌事件中形成；(2)在火山口形成的喷发过程中一起被重新激活。
A structural model for Campi Flegrei Caldera (CFC; Italy), one of Earth's most hazardous calderas, is provided. Data from the north (outer) rim show that this formed by downsag soon after the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff emplacement (∼15 ka). Campanian Ignimbrite's (CFC's other major eruption; ∼39 ka) displacement at depth also suggests the activity of a buried caldera fault. Therefore, during the Campanian Ignimbrite eruption the north rim was activated as caldera‐bounding fault and during the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff eruption as downsag. Previously published data reveal an inner collapsed structure to the south, formed during the Campanian Ignimbrite eruption and reactivated during the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff eruption. So, CFC consists of 2 nested depressions, both active during the Campanian Ignimbrite and Neapolitan Yellow Tuff eruptions, but with different amounts of collapse. CFC is a major example of how 2 nested calderas may: (1) form during the same collapse episode; (2) be reactivated together during caldera‐forming eruptions.