Jasmonate Biochemical Pathway
Jasmonate Biochemical Pathway
复制标题
DOI：
10.1126/scisignal.3109cm3
复制
发表时间：
2010-02-16
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Farmer, Edward E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gfeller, Aurelie;Dubugnon, Lucie;Farmer, Edward E.
植物具有一类由脂肪酸衍生的创伤反应和发育调节物质：茉莉酸。这些化合物来自三不饱和脂肪酸α-亚麻酸(18：3)，以及在拟南芥和番茄等植物中的7(Z)-、10(Z)-和13(Z)-十六碳三烯酸(16：3)。脂肪氧合酶催化的分子氧加成α-亚麻酸，通过提供一个13-氢过氧化氢底物来启动茉莉酸的合成，从而使丙二烯氧化物合成酶(AOS)形成不稳定的丙二烯氧化物。然后，这种丙二烯氧化物在酶的引导下环化生成12-氧代植物二烯酸(OPDA)。这些最初的步骤发生在叶绿体中，但进一步的OPDA代谢发生在过氧体中。OPDA有几种命运，包括酯化成叶绿体类脂和转化为12碳激素前体茉莉酸(JA)。JA本身是进一步各种修饰的底物，包括生产茉莉单酰异亮氨酸(JA-Ile)，它是越来越多的茉莉酸酯衍生物中一种主要的生物活性茉莉酸酯。每一个新发现的茉莉酸家族成员都为理解免疫反应中基因表达的精细控制提供了另一个关键，在启动和维持对伤害反应的远程信号传递中，在生育调节中，在茉莉酸酯的周转、失活和封存等过程中。
Plants possess a family of potent fatty acid-derived wound-response and developmental regulators: the jasmonates. These compounds are derived from the tri-unsaturated fatty acids alpha-linolenic acid (18: 3) and, in plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana and tomato, 7(Z)-, 10(Z)-, and 13(Z)-hexadecatrienoic acid (16: 3). The lipoxygenase-catalyzed addition of molecular oxygen to alpha-linolenic acid initiates jasmonate synthesis by providing a 13-hydroperoxide substrate for formation of an unstable allene oxide by allene oxide synthase (AOS). This allene oxide then undergoes enzyme-guided cyclization to produce 12-oxophytodienoic acid (OPDA). These first steps take place in plastids, but further OPDA metabolism occurs in peroxisomes. OPDA has several fates, including esterification into plastid lipids and transformation into the 12-carbon prohormone jasmonic acid (JA). JA is itself a substrate for further diverse modifications, including the production of jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile), which is a major biologically active jasmonate among a growing number of jasmonate derivatives. Each new jasmonate family member that is discovered provides another key to understanding the fine control of gene expression in immune responses; in the initiation and maintenance of long-distance signal transfer in response to wounding; in the regulation of fertility; and in the turnover, inactivation, and sequestration of jasmonates, among other processes.