Association of physical job demands, smoking and alcohol abuse with subsequent premature mortality: A 9-year follow-up population-based study
Association of physical job demands, smoking and alcohol abuse with subsequent premature mortality: A 9-year follow-up population-based study
复制标题
DOI：
10.1539/joh.50.31
复制
发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Chau, Nearkasen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bourgkard, Eve;Wild, Pascal;Chau, Nearkasen
这项研究评估了工作或不活动人群中体力工作要求 (PJD)、吸烟和酗酒与 70 岁之前过早死亡 (PM-70) 之间的关系。样本包括在法国东北部随机挑选的 4,268 名 15 岁或以上的受试者。他们于 1996 年填写了邮寄问卷（出生日期、性别、体重、身高、工作、PJD、吸烟习惯、酗酒（Deta 问卷）），并跟踪死亡率直至 2004 年（9 年）。 PJD 分数是根据工作中以下高工作要求的累积数量来定义的：锤子、振动平台、气动工具、其他振动手动工具、螺丝刀、搬运物体、尴尬姿势、高处任务、机床、步伐、在生产线上工作、站立和行走。使用泊松回归模型分析数据。患有 PM-70 的人数为 126 人（每 1,000 人年 3.81 人）。主要原因是癌症（男性46.4%，女性57.1%）、心血管疾病（20.2%和11.9%）、自杀（9.5%和7.1%）、呼吸系统疾病（6.0%和4.8%）和消化系统疾病（2.4%和4.8%）。 PJD >= 3、吸烟者和酗酒者的全因死亡率调整后风险比分别为 1.71 (95% Cl 1.02-2.88)、1.76 (1.08-2.88) 和 2.07 (1.31-3.26)。与较高社会经济阶层相比，体力劳动者的风险比为 1.84 (1.00-3.37)。男性的死亡率是女性的两倍；当控制了工作、PJD、吸烟者和酗酒因素后，这种差异变得不显着。对于癌症死亡率，PJD 3、吸烟者和酗酒因素的调整后风险比分别为 2.00 (1.00-3.99)、2.34 (1.19-4.63) 和 2.22 (1.17-4.20)。健康促进工作应针对任务重新设计的结构性措施，还应关注生活方式。
This study assessed the relationships of physical job demands (PJD), smoking, and alcohol abuse, with premature mortality before age 70 (PM-70) among the working or inactive population. The sample included 4,268 subjects aged 15 or more randomly selected in northeastern France. They completed a mailed questionnaire (birth date, sex, weight, height, job, PJD, smoking habit, alcohol abuse (Deta questionnaire)) in 1996 and were followed for mortality until 2004 (9 yr). PJD score was defined by the cumulative number of the following high job demands at work: hammer, vibrating platform, pneumatic tools, other vibrating hand tools, screwdriver, handling objects, awkward posture, tasks at heights, machine tools, pace, working on a production line, standing about and walking. The data were analyzed using the Poisson regression model. Those with PM-70 were 126 (3.81 per 1,000 person-years). The leading causes of death were cancers (46.4% in men, 57.1% in women), cardiovascular diseases (20.2% and 11.9%), suicide (9.5% and 7.1 %), respiratory diseases (6.0% and 4.8%), and digestive diseases (2.4% and 4.8%). PJD >= 3, smoker, and alcohol abuse had adjusted risk ratios of 1.71 (95% Cl 1.02-2.88), 1.76 (1.08-2.88), and 2.07 (1.31-3.26) respectively for all-cause mortality. Manual workers had a risk ratio of 1.84 (1.00-3.37) compared to the higher socio-economic classes. The men had a twofold higher mortality rate than the women; this difference became non-significant when controlling for job, PJD, smoker and alcohol abuse. For cancer mortality the factors PJD 3, smoker, and alcohol abuse had adjusted risk ratios of 2.00 (1.00-3.99), 2.34 (1.19-4.63), and 2.22 (1.17-4.20), respectively. Health promotion efforts should be directed at structural measures of task redesign and they should also concern lifestyle.