Burrowing and subsurface locomotion in anguilliform fish: behavioral specializations and mechanical constraints
Burrowing and subsurface locomotion in anguilliform fish: behavioral specializations and mechanical constraints
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DOI：
10.1242/jeb.051185
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发表时间：
2011-04-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Adriaens, Dominique
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Herrel, Anthony;Choi, Hon Fai;Adriaens, Dominique
鱼类游泳可能是脊椎动物中研究最多和了解最多的运动行为之一。然而，许多鱼类也积极利用沉积物。由于其细长的身体形状，鳗形鱼不仅是高效的游泳者，而且非常适合游泳。因此，许多物种生活在结构复杂的海底附近环境中，许多物种已知会在沉积物中挖洞。为了更好地了解穴居和地下运动的鳗形鱼，我们提供了描述性的运动学数据的地下运动的穴居鳗鱼（Pisodonophis博罗）使用视频透视。我们还测量了这个物种在头先和尾先挖洞过程中可以施加的最大力，并探讨了头先挖洞对颅骨机械应力分布的影响。我们的数据表明，P.boro利用横向波动在水下桑迪沉积物中渗透和移动。地下运动的运动学是不同的，在游泳过程中观察到的，其特点是一个非常高的滑动因子。这些观察结果与最近发表的陆地沙泳蜥蜴的数据有很大不同，并表明沉积物的行为像固体而不是摩擦流体。最后，我们的有限元模型表明，头部第一个穴居P.博罗的颅骨形状和结构是机械更适合头部第一个穴居比专性的尾部第一个穴居物种，Heteroconger hassi。
Fish swimming is probably one of the most studied and best understood locomotor behaviors in vertebrates. However, many fish also actively exploit sediments. Because of their elongate body shape, anguilliform fishes are not only efficient swimmers but also very maneuverable. Consequently, many species live in complexly structured environments near the bottom and many are known to burrow into the sediment. To better understand burrowing and subsurface locomotion in anguilliform fish we provide descriptive kinematic data on subsurface locomotion in a burrowing eel (Pisodonophis boro) using videofluoroscopy. We also measured the maximal forces that can be exerted by this species during head-first and tail-first burrowing, and explored the implications of head-first burrowing on mechanical stress distribution in the skull. Our data show that P. boro uses lateral undulation to penetrate and move in sandy sediments under water. The kinematics of subsurface locomotion are different from those observed during swimming and are characterized by a very high slip factor. These observations differ considerably from recently published data in terrestrial sand-swimming lizards, and suggest that the sediment behaves like a solid rather than a frictional fluid. Finally, our finite element models show that the cranial shape and structure in the head-first burrowing P. boro is mechanically more suited for head-first burrowing than that of an obligate tail-first burrowing species, Heteroconger hassi.