Impact of e-cigarette and cigarette prices on youth and young adult e-cigarette and cigarette behaviour: evidence from a national longitudinal cohort
Impact of e-cigarette and cigarette prices on youth and young adult e-cigarette and cigarette behaviour: evidence from a national longitudinal cohort
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DOI：
10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054764
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发表时间：
2020-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Vallone, Donna
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cantrell, Jennifer;Huang, Jidong;Vallone, Donna
简介 了解烟草和尼古丁产品价格的影响对于制定防止年轻人使用烟草和尼古丁产品的政策至关重要。本研究探讨了电子烟和卷烟价格对青少年当前电子烟和卷烟使用的影响。方法数据来自 2014 年收集的 15-21 岁全国概率样本，并在 2016 年之前每 6 个月进行一次随访，持续 2.5 年。我们对参与研究的个体样本进行了单独的条件似然 Logistic 回归模型，其中包括过去 30 天的电子烟使用情况和过去 30 天的卷烟使用结果。至少两次调查波（n=11 578）与可充电电子烟和卷烟相关的尼尔森市场价格数据。模型控制了个人和国家政策层面的时变变量，以及个人、浪潮和市场层面的固定效应。结果较高的卷烟价格与过去 30 天电子烟使用量的增加有关，表明电子烟可以作为卷烟的替代品。我们没有发现充电式电子烟价格与过去 30 天电子烟使用情况之间存在统计学上的显着关系；我们也没有发现充电电子烟价格与过去 30 天吸烟情况之间存在显着关系。 结果：结果表明，65.8% 的研究参与者是男性。测试后的结果显示，干预组参与者的元认知得分在基线时（M = 23.27；SD = 1.716）和干预后（M = 66.31；SD = 6.204）之间显着增加。与对照组相比，干预组总样本中 63.4% 的人表现出较高水平的认知调节知识。然而，对照组中有 69.1% (N = 85) 的参与者在认知知识方面表现更好。在控制其他因素的情况下，干预措施更有可能影响护生元认知（AOR = 1.603，p < 0.05，95% CI：1.023，2.513）。总之，干预措施有可能对护生的元认知水平产生积极影响。因此，它与专业能力密切相关，并将改变护生的护理能力范围和护理质量。
Introduction Understanding the impact of prices for tobacco and nicotine products is critical for creating policies to prevent use among young people. This study examines the impact of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) and cigarette prices on current e-cigarette and cigarette use among youth and young adults.Methods Data were from a national probability-based sample aged 15-21 collected in 2014 and followed every 6 months for 2.5 years through 2016. We conducted separate conditional likelihood logistic regression models with past 30-day e-cigarette use and past 30-day cigarette use outcomes on the sample of individuals who participated in at least two survey waves (n=11 578) with linked Nielsen market-level price data for rechargeable e-cigarettes and cigarettes. Models controlled for time-varying variables at the individual and state policy levels, and fixed effects at the individual, wave and market levels.Results Higher cigarette prices were associated with increased past 30-day e-cigarette use, indicating e-cigarettes may serve as a substitute for cigarettes. We did not find a statistically significant relationship between rechargeable e-cigarette prices and past 30-day e-cigarette use; neither did we find a significant relationship between rechargeable e-cigarette prices and past 30-day cigarette smoking.Results: Findings indicated that 65.8% of the study participants were males. The post-test findings revealed a significant gain in metacognition scores among participants in an intervention group between (M = 23.27; SD = 1.716) at baseline and (M = 66.31; SD = 6.204) post-intervention. 63.4% of the total sample in an intervention group demonstrated a high level of knowledge about the regulation of cognition compared to their counterpart control group. However, 69.1% (N = 85) participants in the control group performed better for the knowledge about cognition. With the control of other factors, the intervention was found to be more times likely to influence metacognition among nurse students (AOR = 1.603, p < 0.05, 95% CI: 1.023, 2.513). In conclusion, the intervention had the potential to positively effect the levels of metacognition among nurse students. Hence, it was closely linked to professional competency and it would change the spectrum of nursing competency and quality of care among nurse students.