A Spatiotemporal Assessment of Extreme Cold in Northwestern North America Following the Unidentified 1809 CE Volcanic Eruption
A Spatiotemporal Assessment of Extreme Cold in Northwestern North America Following the Unidentified 1809 CE Volcanic Eruption
复制标题
DOI：
10.1029/2022pa004581
复制
发表时间：
2023-04
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
C. Leland;R. D’Arrigo;N. Davi;K. J. Anchukaitis;L. Andreu‐Hayles;T. Porter;T. Galloway;M. Mant;G. Wiles;R. Wilson;S. Beaulieu;R. Oelkers;B. Gaglioti;M. Rao;E. Reid;T. Nixon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Leland;R. D’Arrigo;N. Davi;K. J. Anchukaitis;L. Andreu‐Hayles;T. Porter;T. Galloway;M. Mant;G. Wiles;R. Wilson;S. Beaulieu;R. Oelkers;B. Gaglioti;M. Rao;E. Reid;T. Nixon
19世纪初，两次大规模火山爆发导致了极端寒冷的气温，这是小冰期最寒冷的阶段之一。虽然1815年印度尼西亚坦博拉大规模火山爆发的影响相对有据可查，但对1809年左右的不明火山事件知之甚少。在这里，我们使用捕获过去暖季温度变化的高分辨率树轮记录网络来描述北美西北部这次爆发后寒冷条件的空间范围，持续时间和幅度。极端和持续的低温集中在阿拉斯加湾、邻近的兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯山脉和南部的育空地区，而寒冷异常随着远离这一核心地区而减少。这种独特的温度异常空间模式表明，弱阿留申低压和类似于太平洋年代际振荡负相的条件可能有助于1809年爆发后的区域极端寒冷。
Two large volcanic eruptions contributed to extreme cold temperatures during the early 1800s, one of the coldest phases of the Little Ice Age. While impacts from the massive 1815 Tambora eruption in Indonesia are relatively well‐documented, much less is known regarding an unidentified volcanic event around 1809. Here, we describe the spatial extent, duration, and magnitude of cold conditions following this eruption in northwestern North America using a high‐resolution network of tree‐ring records that capture past warm‐season temperature variability. Extreme and persistent cold temperatures were centered around the Gulf of Alaska, the adjacent Wrangell‐St Elias Mountains, and the southern Yukon, while cold anomalies diminished with distance from this core region. This distinct spatial pattern of temperature anomalies suggests that a weak Aleutian Low and conditions similar to a negative phase of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation could have contributed to regional cold extremes after the 1809 eruption.