Ecological Transitions and the Shape of the Decapod Tree of Life
Ecological Transitions and the Shape of the Decapod Tree of Life
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DOI：
10.1093/icb/icac052
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发表时间：
2022-05-24
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Wills, Matthew A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davis, Katie E.;De Grave, Sammy;Wills, Matthew A.
了解形成物种丰富度在生命之树中分布的过程是宏观进化研究的核心议程。主要的生态创新，包括栖息地之间的过渡，可能有助于解释姐妹分支之间经常观察到的惊人的多样性不对称。在这里，我们测试的影响，这种转变的十足类甲壳动物的物种形成率，在系统发育框架内的多样化动态建模。我们的研究结果表明，虽然陆地谱系比海洋或淡水谱系有更高的物种形成率，但在十足目的海洋和淡水谱系中，平均物种形成率之间没有差异。分区我们的数据的infraorder显示，这些分支与栖息地异质性有较高的物种形成率在淡水和陆地血统，淡水速率高达1.5倍，比海洋速率快，陆地速率约4倍。海洋和淡水物种形成率的平均值是由于不同分支对平均物种形成率的贡献不同。然而，除了Caridea，我们没有发现任何证据的栖息地和物种形成率之间的因果关系。我们的研究结果表明，虽然统计概括的生态特征和进化速率是有价值的，也有许多例外。因此，虽然淡水和陆地谱系通常比它们的海洋亲戚更快地形成物种，但在十足目中有许多缓慢的淡水谱系和快速的海洋谱系。今后关于多样化模式的工作将受益于列入化石数据以及其他生态因素。
Synopsis Understanding the processes that shaped the distribution of species richness across the Tree of Life is a central macroevolutionary research agenda. Major ecological innovations, including transitions between habitats, may help to explain the striking asymmetries of diversity that are often observed between sister clades. Here, we test the impact of such transitions on speciation rates across decapod crustaceans, modeling diversification dynamics within a phylogenetic framework. Our results show that, while terrestrial lineages have higher speciation rates than either marine or freshwater lineages, there is no difference between mean speciation rates in marine and freshwater lineages across Decapoda. Partitioning our data by infraorder reveals that those clades with habitat heterogeneity have higher speciation rates in freshwater and terrestrial lineages, with freshwater rates up to 1.5 times faster than marine rates, and terrestrial rates approximately four times faster. This averaging out of marine and freshwater speciation rates results from the varying contributions of different clades to average speciation rates. However, with the exception of Caridea, we find no evidence for any causal relationship between habitat and speciation rate. Our results demonstrate that while statistical generalizations about ecological traits and evolutionary rates are valuable, there are many exceptions. Hence, while freshwater and terrestrial lineages typically speciate faster than their marine relatives, there are many atypically slow freshwater lineages and fast marine lineages across Decapoda. Future work on diversification patterns will benefit from the inclusion of fossil data, as well as additional ecological factors.