Non-structural carbohydrates coordinate tree peony flowering both as energy substrates and as sugar signaling triggers, with the bracts playing an essential role
Non-structural carbohydrates coordinate tree peony flowering both as energy substrates and as sugar signaling triggers, with the bracts playing an essential role
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DOI：
10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.12.012
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发表时间：
2021-02-01
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Zhang, Xiuxin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Zhiyong;Shi, Yantong;Zhang, Xiuxin
牡丹的天然荧光较短。工厂化生产中常用的栽培方法是去叶和赤霉素处理。我们以前发现强迫培养是由非结构性碳水化合物（NSC）协调的。在此，我们进一步揭示了神经干细胞在这一过程中的具体作用。我们观察到，去叶和GA处理都增加了苞片的光合作用，去叶对NSC同化的影响更大。我们进一步测定了苞片中NSC含量和PsSWEET 7的表达，结果表明GA可能通过诱导PsSWEET 7而对NSC分配做出更大贡献。此外，我们还测定了花瓣和苞片中海藻糖-6-磷酸（T6 P）含量和糖信号相关基因（PsTPS 1、PsSnRK 1和PsHXK 1）的表达，发现脱叶和GA处理都诱导了T6 P水平以及PsTPS 1在两种组织中的表达。这表明糖信号通路可能也参与了神经干细胞协调的牡丹开花。特别是，PsSnRK 1更迅速地诱导在对照植物的苞片（作为能量短缺的反应），并完全禁止落叶和GA处理，表明糖信号的关键作用的苞片。综上所述，NSCs作为能量底物和糖信号触发器诱导牡丹开花，其中苞片起着至关重要的作用。本研究结果为进一步阐明牡丹在促成栽培条件下神经干细胞协调开花的机理提供了依据，也为进一步完善该技术提供了依据。
The natural fluorescence of tree peony is short. Forcing culture, mainly by defoliation and gibberellin (GA) treatment, is frequently used for its industrial production. We previously found forcing culture to be coordinated by non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs). Herein, we further revealed the specific role of NSCs during this process. We observed that both defoliation and GA treatment increased the photosynthesis in the bracts, and defoliation had a greater effect on NSC assimilation. We further determined the NSC content and PsSWEETs expression in the bracts, and the results indicated that GA may contribute more to NSC allocation by inducing PsSWEET7. Furthermore, we determined the trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) content and sugar signaling-related gene (PsTPS1, PsSnRK1, and PsHXK1) expression in both the petals and bracts and found that both defoliation and GA treatment induced T6P levels as well as PsTPS1 expression in both tissues. This indicated that the sugar signaling pathway may also be involved in NSC-coordinated tree peony flowering. In particular, PsSnRK1 was more rapidly induced in the bracts (as an energy shortage response) in the control plants and was completely prohibited by defoliation and GA treatment, indicating the key role of the bracts in sugar signaling. In conclusion, NSCs induced tree peony flowering both as an energy substrate and sugar signaling trigger, with the bracts playing an essential role. These results may provide further evidence on the mechanism of NSC-coordinated flower opening in tree peony under forcing culture conditions, which may also provide a foundation for improving this technology.