Evolution of science-based uncertainty factors in noncancer risk assessment
Evolution of science-based uncertainty factors in noncancer risk assessment
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DOI：
10.1006/rtph.1996.0116
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发表时间：
1996-10-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Robinson, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dourson, ML;Felter, SP;Robinson, D
使用不确定性因子背后的科学已经取得了相当大的进展。增加对种间和种内敏感性、作用机制的了解，以及对数据库的详细评价，可以支持使用数据衍生的不确定性因子，从而最终使风险评估具有更大的信心。论文，突出了几个领域的不确定性的每一个现有的数据进行了讨论，表明选择适当的因素，需要在个案的基础上进行科学判断。美国环保署和加拿大卫生部的风险值案例研究说明了在化学品特定风险评估中使用数据来支持选择10倍默认值以外的不确定性因素。在案例研究中，明确审查了用于支持默认值变化的数据类型，以及为什么数据支持不同的不确定性因素，如何减少不确定性，以及满足或取代了哪些假设。将所有可用的科学数据纳入风险评估过程可以促进研究的增加，并最终减少不确定性。本次审查的结果支持在有适当科学数据的情况下使用数据推导的不确定性因子。(C)出版社：Academic Press，Inc.
The science behind the use of uncertainty factors has progressed considerably. Increased knowledge of inter- and intraspecies sensitivity, mechanisms of action, and detailed evaluation of data bases can support the use of data-derived uncertainty factors, which ultimately results in a risk assessment with greater confidence. Papers that highlight available data for each of several areas of uncertainty are discussed, indicating that choice of the appropriate factor requires scientific judgement on a case-by-case basis. Case studies from EPA and Health Canada risk values illustrate the use of data in chemical specific risk assessments to support the selection of uncertainty factors other than the default value of 10-fold. In the case studies, the types of data that have been used to support a change in the default value are explicitly reviewed, as well as why the data support a different uncertainty factor, how the uncertainty was reduced, and what assumptions have been satisfied or replaced. Incorporation of all available scientific data into the risk assessment process fosters increased research and ultimately reduces uncertainty. The results of this review support the use of data-derived uncertainty factors when appropriate scientific data are available. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc.