Collective Action, Clientelism, and Connectivity
Collective Action, Clientelism, and Connectivity
复制标题
集体行动、依附主义和连通性
DOI：
10.1017/s0003055412000251
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Mahvish Shami
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mahvish Shami
研究发现，当社区对自我提供感兴趣时，搭便车的倾向是有限的，在过去几十年里，人们对以社区为基础的发展的兴趣激增。然而，对集体行动研究的“第二波”的一个主要警告是，集体行动往往在等级社会关系下破裂。这对发展中国家的农村社会来说是一个不幸的消息，因为农村社会往往在赞助人-客户网络中根深蒂固。通过一个在高速公路建设中发现的自然实验，本文发现，庇护关系本身并不阻碍农民的集体行动。相反，是庇护主义和孤立之间的相互作用使赞助人能够阻止基于社区的项目。在有联系的村庄里，农民没有这样的限制，而是依靠他们的赞助人在集体项目中的帮助，使等级网络成为一种额外的资源。
Backed by studies finding only limited propensity for free-riding when communities have an interest in self-provision, the last few decades have seen a surge of interest in community-based development. A major caveat to the “second wave” of collective action studies, however, is that collective action often breaks down under hierarchical social relationships. This is unfortunate news for developing countries’ rural societies, which are often entrenched in patron-client networks. Using a natural experiment found in the construction of a motorway, the article finds that clientelist relationships do not, in and by themselves, block peasant collective action. Rather, it is the interaction between clientelism and isolation that empowers patrons to block community-based projects. Peasants in connected villages face no such constraints, but instead rely on their patrons’ assistance in collective projects, making the hierarchical network an additional resource.