Bushmeat and food security in the Congo Basin: linkages between wildlife and people's future
Bushmeat and food security in the Congo Basin: linkages between wildlife and people's future
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DOI：
10.1017/s0376892903000067
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发表时间：
2003-03-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Meeuwig, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fa, JE;Currie, D;Meeuwig, J
非洲的热带潮湿森林集中在刚果盆地。这些森林中的各种动物，特别是哺乳动物，为了它们的肉而被猎杀，被称为丛林肉。本文调查了刚果盆地主要国家居民对丛林肉蛋白和非丛林肉蛋白供应的现状和未来趋势。由于大多数丛林肉来自森林哺乳动物，已公布的哺乳动物种群的提取(E)和产量(P)估计被用来计算这些动物提供的人均蛋白质。目前的丛林肉蛋白质供应量从刚果民主共和国的30克人(-1)天(-1)到加蓬的180克人(-1)天(-1)不等。通过采用目前的E：P比率，并控制已知的森林砍伐和人口增长率，对未来50年的丛林肉蛋白质供应进行了预测。按照目前的开发速度，在不到50年的时间里，所有国家的丛林肉蛋白质供应量将下降81%；只有三个国家的蛋白质供应量能够维持在建议的每日52g/人(-1)/天(-1)以上。然而，如果丛林肉的收成减少到可持续的水平，除加蓬以外的所有国家都将受到野生蛋白供应损失的严重影响。所研究的五个国家中有四个没有生产足够数量的非丛林肉蛋白质来养活其人口，这一事实突显了对丛林肉蛋白质的依赖。这些发现表明，相当数量的森林哺乳动物可能会相对较快地灭绝，如果该地区的粮食安全得不到及时解决，蛋白质营养不良的情况可能会急剧增加。
Tropical moist forests in Africa are concentrated in the Congo Basin. A variety of animals in these forests, in particular mammals, are hunted for their meat, termed bushmeat. This paper investigates current and future trends of bushmeat protein, and non-bushmeat protein supply, for inhabitants of the main Congo Basin countries. Since most bushmeat is derived from forest mammals, published extraction (E) and production (P) estimates of mammal populations were used to calculate the per person protein supplied by these. Current bushmeat protein supply may range from 30 g person(-1) day(-1) in the Democratic Republic of Congo, to 180 g person(-1) day(-1) in Gabon. Future bushmeat protein supplies were predicted for the next 50 years by employing current E:P ratios, and controlling for known deforestation and population growth rates. At current exploitation rates, bushmeat protein supply would drop 81% in all countries in less than 50 years; only three countries would be able to maintain a protein supply above the recommended daily requirement of 52 g person(-1) day(-1). However, if bushmeat harvests were reduced to a sustainable level, all countries except Gabon would be dramatically affected by the loss of wild protein supply. The dependence on bushmeat protein is emphasized by the fact that four out of the five countries studied do not produce sufficient amounts of non-bushmeat protein to feed their populations. These findings imply that a significant number of forest mammals could become extinct relatively soon, and that protein malnutrition is likely to increase dramatically if food security in the region is not promptly resolved.