Dietary lipid levels affect growth performance, lipid metabolism, antioxidant and immune status of Amur sturgeon, Acipenser schrenckii
Dietary lipid levels affect growth performance, lipid metabolism, antioxidant and immune status of Amur sturgeon, Acipenser schrenckii
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aqrep.2023.101796
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发表时间：
2023-12
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Yue Li;Wentong Li;Lin Luo;Yuanyuan Ren;W. Xing;Guanling Xu;Tieliang Li;Min Xue;Huanhuan Yu-Hu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yue Li;Wentong Li;Lin Luo;Yuanyuan Ren;W. Xing;Guanling Xu;Tieliang Li;Min Xue;Huanhuan Yu-Hu
饲料中适当的脂质含量对鱼类的生长和健康至关重要。但目前对施氏鲟适宜的脂肪需要量还没有系统的研究。本研究旨在探讨饲料脂质水平对史氏鲟幼鱼生长性能、脂质代谢、抗氧化和免疫状态的影响。用含脂量分别为5.11%（L5）、8.87%（L9）、12.96%（L13）、16.93%（L17）、20.84%（L21）和24.88%（L25）的6种等氮饲料饲喂体重为4.16 ± 0.07g的施氏鲟，为期10周。L21组的生长、饲料利用率和成活率最高。根据WGR的折线回归分析，施氏鲟幼鱼的脂肪需要量为20.31%。高脂饲料使HSI、肝脏粗脂含量和血清TG、TC、LDL-C含量显著升高。肝脏SOD、抗O2升高。而血清和肝脏中MDA含量均随饲粮脂质水平的升高而呈上升趋势。当饲料脂质水平达到或超过16.93%时，asnandlpl的表达水平受到抑制。而ecpt 1 α和ppar α表达上调，L21组表达最高，L25组表达下调。随着饲料中脂肪含量的增加，fil 1 β的表达量呈上升趋势，而fil 10和tgf β 1的表达量在高脂组呈下降趋势。综合考虑WGR，以20.31%为最佳的饲料脂肪水平。低脂肪（5.11%-12.96%）或高脂肪（24.88%）饲料会降低生长、饲料利用率和存活率。高脂饮食（24.88%）引起脂质过度沉积，导致氧化应激、脂质代谢紊乱和炎症反应。
The proper lipid content in the diets is crucial for fish growth and health. However, the appropriate lipid requirement of Amur sturgeon has not been systematically studied. This study was aimed to explore the effects of dietary lipid levels on growth performance, lipid metabolism, antioxidant and immune status of juvenile Amur sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii). Six isonitrogenous diets containing 5.11% (L5), 8.87% (L9), 12.96% (L13), 16.93% (L17), 20.84% (L21) and 24.88% (L25) lipid were fed to Amur sturgeon (4.16 ± 0.07 g) for 10 weeks. The fish in L21 group had the highest growth, feed utilization and survival rate. Based on the broken-line regression analysis of WGR, the lipid requirement for juvenile Amur sturgeon was 20.31%. HSI, hepatic crude lipid content and serum TG, TC and LDL-C contents elevated significantly with the increase of dietary lipid. Higher hepatic SOD, Anti-O2.-were found in L21 group, while MDA in both serum and liver maintained an upward trend with dietary lipid increase. The expression levels offasnandlplwere suppressed when dietary lipid levels reached or exceeded 16.93%. Whilecpt1αandpparαwere up-regulated, and peaked in L21 group, but down-regulated in L25 group. The expression level ofil1βwas on the rise as dietary lipid increased, butil10andtgfβ1showed a downward trend in high lipid groups. In conclusion, based on WGR, a lipid level of 20.31% in the diet was optimal for juvenile Amur sturgeon. Low (5.11%−12.96%) or high lipid (24.88%) diet decreased growth, feed utilization and survival rate. High lipid (24.88%) diet induced excessive lipid deposition, leading to intense oxidative stress, lipid metabolism disorder and inflammation.