ChromEMT: Visualizing 3D chromatin structure and compaction in interphase and mitotic cells.

ChromEMT: Visualizing 3D chromatin structure and compaction in interphase and mitotic cells.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.aag0025
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发表时间:
2017-07-28
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
O'Shea CC
O'Shea CC
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ou HD;Phan S;Deerinck TJ;Thor A;Ellisman MH;O'Shea CC

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DNA的染色质结构决定了细胞核中基因组的致密性和活性。在体外结构和电子显微镜(EM)研究的基础上,分层模型是11纳米的DNA核小体聚合物折叠成30纳米,随后折叠成120和300至700纳米的纤维和有丝分裂染色体。为了使染色质原位可视化,我们确定了一种荧光染料,其用嗜锇聚合物染色DNA并选择性地增强其在EM中的对比度。使用ChromEMT(ChromEM断层扫描),我们揭示了单个染色质聚合物,巨噬细胞结构域和有丝分裂染色体的超微结构和三维(3D)组织。我们发现,染色质是一个无序的5至24纳米直径的曲线链,在不同的3D浓度分布在间期和有丝分裂包装在一起。染色质链具有许多不同的颗粒排列,并以各种长度弯曲以实现结构致密化和高堆积密度。
The chromatin structure of DNA determines genome compaction and activity in the nucleus. On the basis of in vitro structures and electron microscopy (EM) studies, the hierarchical model is that 11-nanometer DNA-nucleosome polymers fold into 30- and subsequently into 120- and 300-to 700-nanometer fibers and mitotic chromosomes. To visualize chromatin in situ, we identified a fluorescent dye that stains DNA with an osmiophilic polymer and selectively enhances its contrast in EM. Using ChromEMT (ChromEM tomography), we reveal the ultrastructure and three-dimensional (3D) organization of individual chromatin polymers, megabase domains, and mitotic chromosomes. We show that chromatin is a disordered 5- to 24-nanometer-diameter curvilinear chain that is packed together at different 3D concentration distributions in interphase and mitosis. Chromatin chains have many different particle arrangements and bend at various lengths to achieve structural compaction and high packing densities.
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