Entamoeba histolytica RacC selectively engages p21-activated kinase effectors.

Entamoeba histolytica RacC selectively engages p21-activated kinase effectors.
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DOI:
10.1021/bi501226f
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发表时间:
2015-01-20
期刊:
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Siderovski, David P.
Siderovski, David P.
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bosch, Dustin E.;Siderovski, David P.

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Rho家族gtpase通过包括p21激活激酶(PAKs)在内的多种效应物信号传导调节肌动蛋白细胞骨架动力学。肠道寄生虫溶组织内阿米巴(Entamoeba olyhisttica)表达约20个Rho家族gtpase和7个PAK亚型,其中两个与阿米巴运动、侵袭和宿主细胞吞噬等发病相关过程有关。在这里,我们描述了两个以前未研究过的PAK亚型EhPAK4和EhPAK5,它们是EhRacC的高度特异性效应物。基于2.35 Å x射线晶体学数据的EhRacCQ65L·GTP与EhPAK4 p21结合域(PBD)之间的配合物的结构模型显示,尽管PBD α-螺旋存在偏差,但Rho/effector界面相当保守。对EhRho1与EhFormin1复合物的结构比较表明,溶组织大肠杆菌中Rho家族GTPase信号特异性的可能决定因素。这些发现表明,Rho家族GTPase在单细胞溶组织绦虫中具有高度的多样性和特异性。由于PAKs调节溶组织芽胞杆菌的发病相关过程,它们可能是抗阿米巴病药物的有效药理学靶点。
Rho family GTPases modulate actin cytoskeleton dynamics by signaling through multiple effectors, including the p21-activated kinases (PAKs). The intestinal parasite Entamoeba histolytica expresses ∼20 Rho family GTPases and seven isoforms of PAK, two of which have been implicated in pathogenesis-related processes such as amoebic motility and invasion and host cell phagocytosis. Here, we describe two previously unstudied PAK isoforms, EhPAK4 and EhPAK5, as highly specific effectors of EhRacC. A structural model based on 2.35 Å X-ray crystallographic data of a complex between EhRacCQ65L·GTP and the EhPAK4 p21 binding domain (PBD) reveals a fairly well-conserved Rho/effector interface despite deviation of the PBD α-helix. A structural comparison with EhRho1 in complex with EhFormin1 suggests likely determinants of Rho family GTPase signaling specificity in E. histolytica. These findings suggest a high degree of Rho family GTPase diversity and specificity in the single-cell parasite E. histolytica. Because PAKs regulate pathogenesis-related processes in E. histolytica, they may be valid pharmacologic targets for anti-amoebiasis drugs.
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