Highly-stretchable 3D-architected Mechanical Metamaterials.
Highly-stretchable 3D-architected Mechanical Metamaterials.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep34147
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发表时间：
2016-09-26
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Wang Q
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jiang Y;Wang Q
具有 3D 自由形状结构和高拉伸性的软材料非常适合许多工程应用，从缓冲调节器、软机器人到可拉伸电子产品；然而，制造和基本机制在很大程度上是难以捉摸的。在这里，我们克服了制造困难，报告了一类机械超材料，它不仅具有 3D 自由形状晶格结构，而且具有超高可逆拉伸性（应变 > 414%），比具有类似 3D 结构复杂性的现有同类材料高 4 倍。这种微架构超材料由高度可拉伸的弹性体制成，通过增材制造技术、投影微立体光刻及其后处理实现。通过制造的超材料，我们揭示了它们奇异的机械行为：在大应变张力下，无论结构类型如何，它们的模量都遵循与其密度的线性比例关系，这与现有工程材料的依赖于结构的模量幂律形成鲜明对比；在大应变压缩下，它们呈现出可调节的负刚度，从而实现超高的能量吸收效率。为了利用其非凡的可拉伸性和微结构，我们证明超材料在轻质柔性结构连接器、超高效阻尼器、3D 网状康复结构和具有设计的 3D 各向异性导电性的可拉伸电子器件方面开辟了许多应用途径。
Soft materials featuring both 3D free-form architectures and high stretchability are highly desirable for a number of engineering applications ranging from cushion modulators, soft robots to stretchable electronics; however, both the manufacturing and fundamental mechanics are largely elusive. Here, we overcome the manufacturing difficulties and report a class of mechanical metamaterials that not only features 3D free-form lattice architectures but also poses ultrahigh reversible stretchability (strain > 414%), 4 times higher than that of the existing counterparts with the similar complexity of 3D architectures. The microarchitected metamaterials, made of highly stretchable elastomers, are realized through an additive manufacturing technique, projection microstereolithography, and its postprocessing. With the fabricated metamaterials, we reveal their exotic mechanical behaviors: Under large-strain tension, their moduli follow a linear scaling relationship with their densities regardless of architecture types, in sharp contrast to the architecture-dependent modulus power-law of the existing engineering materials; under large-strain compression, they present tunable negative-stiffness that enables ultrahigh energy absorption efficiencies. To harness their extraordinary stretchability and microstructures, we demonstrate that the metamaterials open a number of application avenues in lightweight and flexible structure connectors, ultraefficient dampers, 3D meshed rehabilitation structures and stretchable electronics with designed 3D anisotropic conductivity.
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DOI：
10.1002/adma.201501099
发表时间：
2015-07-15
期刊：
Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hong S;Sycks D;Chan HF;Lin S;Lopez GP;Guilak F;Leong KW;Zhao X
通讯作者：
Zhao X
影响因子：
19
作者：
Duoss, Eric B.;Weisgraber, Todd H.;Wilson, Thomas S.
通讯作者：
Wilson, Thomas S.
影响因子：
9.4
作者：
Deshpande, VS;Ashby, MF;Fleck, NA
通讯作者：
Fleck, NA
影响因子：
29.4
作者：
Babaee, Sahab;Viard, Nicolas;Bertoldi, Katia
通讯作者：
Bertoldi, Katia
影响因子：
3
作者：
Liska, R;Schwager, F;Stampfl, J
通讯作者：
Stampfl, J