Aotus monkeys:: their great value for anti-malaria vaccines and drug testing
Aotus monkeys:: their great value for anti-malaria vaccines and drug testing
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DOI：
10.1016/s0020-7519(02)00191-1
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发表时间：
2002-12-04
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Arévalo-Herrera, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Herrera, S;Perlaza, BL;Arévalo-Herrera, M
非人灵长类动物是测试人类使用的潜在疫苗、候选药物和药物的宝贵资源。疟疾仍然是人类的最大负担之一，全世界每年约有5亿新的临床病例，每年造成至少200万人死亡。因此，迫切需要疫苗和新的抗疟疾化合物等其他控制措施。动物模型的安全性和保护效力研究是疫苗和药物开发的关键步骤，而灵长类动物模型可能是最适合这一目的的。虽然Aotus属提供了几个对恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫都敏感的物种，对疟疾的敏感性不同，但灰膜姬鼠对这两种疟原虫的血型和子孢子具有高度的敏感性，因此是目前最好的疟疾灵长类动物模型。尽管这一模型的最终验证依赖于人体试验，但在过去20年里，事实证明，在人体试验之前，这些猴子在测试多种疟疾候选疫苗时非常有用。人类和免疫猴子识别的B细胞和T细胞表位之间的良好相关性已经被记录在案，人和Aotus细胞因子和淋巴细胞标记物的试剂之间的交叉反应已经被确定，并正在促进临床试验候选疫苗的选择。Aotus也是筛选抗疟疾药物和了解疟疾发病机制的一个很好的模型。鉴于这些灵长类动物的可获得性不断减少，必须在灵长类起源的国家改进繁殖计划和生物医学研究设施。(C)2002年，爱思唯尔科学有限公司代表澳大利亚寄生虫学学会出版。
Non-human primates represent a valuable resource for testing potential vaccines candidates and drugs for human use. Malaria remains one of the greatest burdens for the humanity represented by approximately 500 million new clinical cases per year worldwide and at least two million deaths caused annually. Additional control measures such as vaccines and new anti-malarial compounds are therefore urgently needed. Safety and protective efficacy studies in animal models are critical steps for vaccines and drugs development and primate models are probably the most appropriate for this purpose. Although Aotus genus provides several species susceptible to both Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax, having different susceptibility to malaria, Aotus lemurinus griseimembra represents the best current malaria primate model because of its high susceptibility to infection by blood forms and sporozoites of both species of Plasmodium. Although the ultimate validation of this model depends upon human trials, over the past two decades these monkeys have proved very useful to test multiple malaria vaccine candidates prior to trials in humans. A good correlation between the B- and T-cell epitopes recognised by humans and by immunised monkeys has been documented, and cross reactivity between reagents for human and Aotus cytokines and lymphocyte markers have been identified and are facilitating the selection of vaccine candidates for clinical trials. Aotus also represents a good model for the screening of anti-malarial drugs and the understanding of malaria pathogenesis as well. In view of the decreasing availability of these primates, breeding programs and biomedical research facilities must be improved in countries of primate origin. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. on behalf of Australian Society for Parasitology Inc.