THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF BLUETONGUE
THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF BLUETONGUE
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DOI：
10.1016/0147-9571(94)90044-2
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发表时间：
1994-08-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
GREINER, EC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
GIBBS, EPJ;GREINER, EC
蓝舌病病毒（BTV）一旦传入一个国家，就会摧毁该国的养羊业，这种看法是从20世纪50年代末接受它是一种以非洲为来源的新兴病毒开始的。20世纪60年代和70年代初的流行病学研究证实，BTV感染的地理分布包括世界上传统定义的观察到BT的地区以外的地区。这在当时被解释为代表了病毒的严重和快速传播。这篇综述提供了反驳这一早期观点的证据。20世纪80年代出现的是：（a）认识到BTV是整个热带和亚热带地区反刍家畜的常见感染，显然在几个独立的生态系统中;（B）在世界上的大多数地区，感染是亚临床的;（c）病毒入侵（伴随疾病）进入温带气候确实发生在某些关键地点，但通常在同一年内“灭绝”;（d）认识库蠓属在世界不同生态系统中的传病能力，对了解疾病的流行病学至关重要;（e）反刍动物的持续感染不再被认为是病毒长期存在的重要因素。
The perception that bluetongue virus (BTV), once introduced to a country, would decimate its sheep industry, grew from the acceptance in the late 1950s that it was an emerging virus with Africa as its source. Epidemiological studies in the 1960s and early 1970s confirmed that the geographic distribution of BTV infections included regions of the world, outside the traditionally defined areas where BT was observed. This was interpreted at the time as representing serious and rapid spread of the virus.This review provides evidence to rebut this earlier view. What has emerged through the 1980s is: (a) the recognition that BTV is a common infection of ruminant livestock throughout the tropics and sub-tropics apparently within several separate ecosystems; (b) in most areas of the world, infection is sub-clinical; (c) incursions of virus (with accompanying disease) into temperate climates do occur at certain key locations, but ''die out'' usually within the same year; (d) recognition of the vector competence of Culicoides spp in the different ecosystems of the world is critical for understanding the epidemiology of disease; (e) persistent infection in ruminants is no longer considered important in the long term perpetuation of the virus.