Physical Activity and Exercise During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period: ACOG Committee Opinion Summary, Number 804.
Physical Activity and Exercise During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period: ACOG Committee Opinion Summary, Number 804.
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DOI：
10.1097/aog.0000000000003773
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发表时间：
2020-04-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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运动，定义为身体活动，包括有计划的，结构化的和重复的身体运动，以改善身体健康的一个或多个组成部分，是健康生活方式的一个基本要素，妇产科医生和其他产科护理提供者应鼓励他们的病人继续或开始锻炼作为最佳健康的重要组成部分。习惯于从事高强度有氧运动或在怀孕前进行身体活动的妇女可以在怀孕期间和产后期间继续这些活动。对怀孕期间锻炼的妇女进行的观察性研究表明，这些益处包括减少妊娠期糖尿病、剖宫产和阴道手术分娩以及产后恢复时间。身体活动也可以是预防产后妇女抑郁症的一个重要因素。怀孕期间的体力活动和锻炼与最小的风险有关，并已被证明对大多数妇女有益，尽管由于正常的解剖和生理变化以及胎儿的要求，可能需要对锻炼程序进行一些修改。在没有产科或医疗并发症或禁忌症的情况下，怀孕期间的体力活动是安全和可取的，应鼓励孕妇继续或开始安全的体力活动。本文件已修订，以纳入有关怀孕期间和产后期间体力活动和锻炼的益处和风险的最新证据。
Exercise, defined as physical activity consisting of planned, structured, and repetitive bodily movements done to improve one or more components of physical fitness, is an essential element of a healthy lifestyle, and obstetrician-gynecologists and other obstetric care providers should encourage their patients to continue or to commence exercise as an important component of optimal health. Women who habitually engaged in vigorous-intensity aerobic activity or who were physically active before pregnancy can continue these activities during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Observational studies of women who exercise during pregnancy have shown benefits such as decreased gestational diabetes mellitus, cesarean birth and operative vaginal delivery, and postpartum recovery time. Physical activity also can be an essential factor in the prevention of depressive disorders of women in the postpartum period. Physical activity and exercise in pregnancy are associated with minimal risks and have been shown to benefit most women, although some modification to exercise routines may be necessary because of normal anatomic and physiologic changes and fetal requirements. In the absence of obstetric or medical complications or contraindications, physical activity in pregnancy is safe and desirable, and pregnant women should be encouraged to continue or to initiate safe physical activities. This document has been revised to incorporate recent evidence regarding the benefits and risks of physical activity and exercise during pregnancy and the postpartum period.