The Arctic Warbler Phylloscopus borealis - three anciently separated cryptic species revealed
The Arctic Warbler Phylloscopus borealis - three anciently separated cryptic species revealed
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1474-919x.2011.01116.x
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发表时间：
2011-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Olsson, Urban
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alstrom, Per;Saitoh, Takema;Olsson, Urban
北极林莺在古北区北部和西北部--最西北区，从斯堪的纳维亚半岛北部到阿拉斯加，向南延伸到日本南部--繁殖，在东南亚、菲律宾和印度尼西亚过冬。基于微妙的形态特征，已经描述了几个亚种，尽管分类在不同的作者之间有相当大的差异。最近的一项研究(T.Saitoh等人)(2010)BMC Evol。比奥尔。10：35)确定了三个主要的线粒体DNA分支，对应于：(1)欧亚大陆和阿拉斯加大陆，(2)堪察加半岛南部、库页岛和北海道东北部，以及(3)日本大部分地区(本州、四国、九州)。据估计，这三个分支在上新世晚期至更新世早期(约260万年前的边界)发生了分歧。形态计量学方面的差异也被报道在三个支系的成员之间(T.Saitoh等人。(2008)鸟氨醇。SCI。7：135-142)。在这里，我们分析了北极莺整个范围内的歌声和叫声，得出的结论是，在代表三个线粒体分支的种群中，这些歌声和叫声明显且一致。没有序列数据的千岛族种群被证明属于第二个支系。为了确定现有学名的正确使用，对在迁徙或冬季采集的三个有名字的模式标本进行了线粒体DNA测序。基于线粒体DNA、形态和发音的一致变异，我们建议承认三个种：北极林莺(Sensu Structo)(大陆欧亚大陆和阿拉斯加)，堪察加叶林莺(堪察加(至少是南部)，萨哈林，北海道和千岛群岛)和日本叶林莺(日本除外北海道)。
The Arctic Warbler Phylloscopus borealis breeds across the northern Palaearctic and northwestern-most Nearctic, from northern Scandinavia to Alaska, extending south to southern Japan, and winters in Southeast Asia, the Philippines and Indonesia. Several subspecies have been described based on subtle morphological characteristics, although the taxonomy varies considerably among different authors. A recent study (T. Saitoh et al. (2010) BMC Evol. Biol. 10: 35) identified three main mitochondrial DNA clades, corresponding to: (1) continental Eurasia and Alaska, (2) south Kamchatka, Sakhalin and northeast Hokkaido, and (3) most of Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu). These three clades were estimated to have diverged during the late Pliocene to early Pleistocene (border at c. 2.6 million years ago). Differences in morphometrics have also been reported among members of the three clades (T. Saitoh et al. (2008) Ornithol. Sci. 7: 135-142). Here we analyse songs and calls from throughout the range of the Arctic Warbler, and conclude that these differ markedly and consistently among the populations representing the three mitochondrial clades. Kurile populations, for which no sequence data are available, are shown to belong to the second clade. To determine the correct application of available scientific names, mitochondrial DNA was sequenced from three name-bearing type specimens collected on migration or in the winter quarters. Based on the congruent variation in mitochondrial DNA, morphology and vocalizations, we propose that three species be recognized: Arctic Warbler Phylloscopus borealis (sensu stricto) (continental Eurasia and Alaska), Kamchatka Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus examinandus (Kamchatka (at least the southern part), Sakhalin, Hokkaido and Kurile Islands), and Japanese Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus xanthodryas (Japan except Hokkaido).