Automating human skills : preliminary development of a human factors methodology to capture tacit cognitive skills
Automating human skills : preliminary development of a human factors methodology to capture tacit cognitive skills
复制标题
自动化人类技能：初步开发人为因素方法来捕获隐性认知技能
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
W. Baker
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Caird;S. Fletcher;W. Baker
尽管智能自动化技术取得了进步，但工程师仍然很难辨别哪些手动任务或任务组件最适合转移到自动化替代品。本研究旨在开发一种精确的方法来测量可观察和不可观察的身体和认知活动中使用的手动任务的捕获的默契技能。在对有经验的操作人员进行详细观察和访谈后，采用分层任务分析和任务分解方法对定性数据进行系统的探索和分类。结果表明，任务分析/分解方法确定了不同类型的技能（如程序或声明）和知识（显性或隐性），表明这种方法可以用于进一步的人类技能捕获研究。这项研究的好处将是提供一种方法来捕捉人类技能，使复杂的手动任务可以更有效地转移到自动化过程。
Despite technological advances in intelligent automation, it remains difficult for engineers to discern which manual tasks, or task components, would be most suitable for transfer to automated alternatives. This research aimed to develop an accurate methodology for the measurement of both observable and unobservable physical and cognitive activities used in manual tasks for the capture of tacit skill. Experienced operators were observed and interviewed in detail, following which, hierarchical task analysis and task decomposition methods were used to systematically explore and classify the qualitative data. Results showed that a task analysis / decomposition methodology identified different types of skill (e.g. procedural or declarative) and knowledge (explicit or tacit) indicating this methodology could be used for further human skill capture studies. The benefit of this research will be to provide a methodology to capture human skill so that complex manual tasks can be more efficiently transferred into automated processes.