Predicting cross-national levels of social trust: Global pattern or nordic exceptionalism?
Predicting cross-national levels of social trust: Global pattern or nordic exceptionalism?
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DOI：
10.1093/esr/jci022
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发表时间：
2005-09-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Newton, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Delhey, J;Newton, K
对世界 60 个国家的普遍社会信任（此处定义为相信他人不会故意或故意伤害我们，如果可以避免的话，并且会照顾我们的利益，如果可能的话）水平差异的分析表明，信任是社会、政治和经济条件紧密综合症的一个组成部分。高信任度国家的特点是种族同质性、新教宗教传统、良好的政府、财富（人均国内生产总值）和收入平等。这种组合在高度信任的北欧国家中最为明显，但在其余 55 个国家中也发现了相同的一般模式，尽管形式较弱。农村社会的普遍信任水平相对较低，但大规模的城市社会则不然。因果关系无法准确说明，但种族同质性和新教传统似乎对信任有直接影响，并通过其对良好政府、财富和收入平等的影响产生间接影响。种族同质性的重要性还表明，特殊信任和普遍信任之间的差异可能是程度而非种类。
This analysis of variations in the level of generalized social trust (defined here as the belief that others will not deliberately or knowingly do us harm, if they can avoid it, and will look after our interests, if this is possible) in 60 nations of the world shows that trust is an integral part of a tight syndrome of social, political and economic conditions. High trust countries are characterized by ethnic homogeneity, Protestant religious traditions, good government, wealth (gross domestic product per capita), and income equality. This combination is most marked in the high trust Nordic countries but the same general pattern is found in the remaining 55 countries, albeit in a weaker form. Rural societies have comparatively low levels of generalized trust but large-scale urban societies do not.Cause and effect relations are impossible to specify exactly but ethnic homogeneity and Protestant traditions seem to have a direct impact on trust, and an indirect one through their consequences for good government, wealth and income equality. The importance of ethnic homogeneity also suggests that the difference between particularized and generalized trust may be one of degree rather than kind.