WHEN COMPARISONS ARISE
WHEN COMPARISONS ARISE
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.69.2.227
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发表时间：
1995-08-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
MORRIS, KA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
GILBERT, DT;GIESLER, RB;MORRIS, KA
人们通过比较来获得关于自己能力的信息，研究表明，人们将这种比较限制在他们认为可以提供诊断信息的人身上。我们认为，只有在进行了比较之后，人们才会考虑诊断性，而且人们不会在心理上放弃非诊断性比较。在两项研究中，参与者即使知道他们不应该做非诊断性比较，也会在他们可以的时候迅速撤销。这些结果表明，社会比较可能是相对自发的，毫不费力的，无意的反应，别人的表现，他们可能会发生，即使人们认为这种反应在逻辑上是不合适的。
People acquire information about their abilities by comparison, and research suggests that people restrict such comparisons to those whom they consider sources of diagnostic information. We suggest that diagnosticity is often considered only after comparisons are made and that people do not fail to make nondiagnostic comparisons so much as they mentally undo them. In 2 studies, participants made nondiagnostic comparisons even when they knew they should not, and quickly unmade them when they were able. These results suggest that social comparisons may be relatively spontaneous, effortless, and unintentional reactions to the performances of others and that they may occur even when people consider such reactions logically inappropriate.