Hydrologic and geomorphic effects on riparian plant species occurrence and encroachment: Remote sensing of 360 km of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon
Hydrologic and geomorphic effects on riparian plant species occurrence and encroachment: Remote sensing of 360 km of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon
复制标题
水文和地貌对河岸植物物种和侵蚀的影响：大峡谷科罗拉多河 360 公里的遥感
作者：
Laura E. Durning;J. Sankey;C. Yackulic;P. Grams;Bradley J. Butterfield;T. Sankey
河流治理对河岸生态系统功能的一个常见影响是河岸植物物种在活跃河道和洪泛区的扩张和侵占，这减少了河流、河岸区和高地生态系统之间的水流和悬浮泥沙。我们的特点河岸植物物种的发生和量化的侵蚀内的大坝调节科罗拉多河在大峡谷，亚利桑那州，美国。我们用高分辨率多光谱图像绘制了10种河岸物种，并研究了河流水文和地貌对植物物种和开阔沙地空间分布的影响。分析涵盖了2002年至2009年至2013年的图像时间序列，在此期间，植物物种和沙子在空间上是动态的，格伦峡谷大坝的运行包括每日水力峰值和小规模的间歇性控制洪水释放。植物物种的出现和入侵率随水文、地貌和当地物种库的不同而变化。在经常被水峰淹没的表面上，侵蚀最大。渗杨柳（Baccharis属），柽柳（Tamarix spp.）和竹芋（Pluchea sericea）是主要的入侵木本植物。芦苇（芦苇）和木贼（木贼）是主要的入侵草本植物。从2002年到2009年的侵蚀组成类似于整个河岸景观，而从2009年到2013年的侵蚀主要包括渗出杨柳和早期殖民草本植物物种。渗出杨柳和竹芋的出现后，埋葬沙沉积控制洪水表明，这些物种是弹性的这种形式的干扰。描述物种入侵的模式是设计有利于利益攸关方重视的河岸物种和生态系统功能的水流制度的重要一步。
A common impact on riparian ecosystem function following river regulation is the expansion and encroachment of riparian plant species in the active river channels and floodplain, which reduces flow of water and suspended sediment between the river, riparian area and upland ecosystems. We characterised riparian plant species occurrence and quantified encroachment within the dam‐regulated Colorado River in Grand Canyon, Arizona, USA. We mapped 10 riparian species with high‐resolution multispectral imagery and examined effects of river hydrology and geomorphology on the spatial distribution of plant species and open sand. Analysis spanned an image time series from 2002 to 2009 to 2013, a period when plant species and sand were spatially dynamic and operations of Glen Canyon Dam included daily hydro‐peaking and small episodic controlled flood releases. Plant species occurrence and encroachment rates varied with hydrology, geomorphology and local species pool. Encroachment was greatest on surfaces frequently inundated by hydro‐peaking. Seep willow (Baccharis spp.), tamarisk (Tamarix spp.) and arrowweed (Pluchea sericea) were the primary encroaching woody species. Common reed (Phragmites australis) and horsetail (Equisetum xferrissii) were the primary encroaching herbaceous species. Encroachment composition from 2002 to 2009 was similar to the entire riparian landscape, whereas encroachment from 2009 to 2013 primarily consisted of seep willow and early colonising herbaceous species. Emergence of seep willow and arrowweed after burial by sand deposited by controlled floods indicated that those species were resilient to this form of disturbance. Describing patterns of species encroachment is an important step towards designing flow regimes that favour riparian species and ecosystem functions valued by stakeholders.
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Diehl, Rebecca M.;Wilcox, Andrew C.;Scott, Julian A.
通讯作者：
Scott, Julian A.