A CROSS-LINGUISTIC STUDY OF EARLY LEXICAL DEVELOPMENT
A CROSS-LINGUISTIC STUDY OF EARLY LEXICAL DEVELOPMENT
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/0885-2014(95)90008-x
复制
发表时间：
1995-04-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
WEIR, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CASELLI, MC;BATES, E;WEIR, J
跨语言研究表明，在自然语言内部和之间，儿童的语法发展速度、风格和顺序可能存在显着差异。目前尚不清楚早期词汇发展是否存在强大的跨语言差异，特别是主要词汇类别（例如名词、动词、形容词和语法功能词）的出现和增长速度。在这项研究中，我们提供了 659 名英国婴儿和 195 名意大利婴儿 8 至 16 个月大的表达性和接受性词汇发展第一阶段的家长报告数据。尽管英语和意大利语之间存在巨大的结构差异，可能会影响名词和动词的习得顺序，但在词汇类别的出现和增长方面，没有观察到这些语言之间存在差异。在这两种语言中，儿童从难以在成人词性类别中分类的单词（即“例行公事”）开始。接下来是普通名词贡献的词汇比例持续增长的时期。在孩子拥有至少 100 个单词的词汇量之前，动词、形容词和语法功能词是极其罕见的。尽管动词在接受性词汇中较早报告，但在产生和理解中观察到相同的序列。我们的结果与文献中的其他报告进行了比较，特别参考了最近关于韩语动词早期出现的说法。
Cross-linguistic studies have shown that children can vary markedly in rate, style, and sequence of grammatical development, within and across natural languages. It is less clear whether there are robust cross-linguistic differences in early lexical development, with particular reference to the onset and rate of growth in major lexical categories (e.g., nouns, verbs, adjectives and grammatical function words). In this study, we present parental report data on the first stages of expressive and receptive lexical development for 659 English infants and 195 Italian infants between 8 and 16 months of age. Although there are powerful structural differences between English and Italian that could affect the order in which nouns and verbs are acquired, no differences were observed between these languages in the emergence and growth of lexical categories. In both languages, children begin with words that are difficult to classify in adult part-of-speech categories (i.e., ''routines''). This is followed by a period of sustained growth in the proportion of vocabulary contributed by common nouns. Verbs, adjectives, and grammatical function words are extremely rare until children have vocabularies of at least 100 words. The same sequences are observed in production and comprehension, although verbs are reported earlier for receptive vocabulary. Our results are compared with other reports in the literature, with special reference to recent claims regarding the early emergence of verbs in Korean.