Pollination efficiency of wild bees and hoverflies provided to oilseed rape
Pollination efficiency of wild bees and hoverflies provided to oilseed rape
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1461-9563.2011.00541.x
复制
发表时间：
2012-02-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jauker, Frank;Bondarenko, Birgit;Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf
1蜜蜂和各种野生蜂种数量的减少对全球授粉服务构成威胁。确定和量化传粉者协会内不同类群提供的授粉服务是成功建立自然保护和作物管理制度的先决条件。2野生蜜蜂和食蚜蝇被认为是农业和自然系统中宝贵的传粉者。虽然个别传粉者物种的授粉效率的一些信息是可用的，在不同密度的两个类群的比较研究是罕见的。在本研究中，效率的孤立梅森蜂壁蜂rufa和两个hoverfly物种（Eristalis tenax和Episyrphus balteatus）作为授粉油菜油菜的油菜在一个标准化的笼植物育种制度。以意大利蜜蜂（Apis mellifera）群体为参照传粉昆虫类群。3产量参数对传粉昆虫密度和身份的反应不同。坐果率和每荚种子数随传粉者密度的增加而增加，尽管这些在梅森蜜蜂中比在飞蝇处理中更强。每1000粒种子的重量没有任何授粉处理，表明种子质量没有受到影响。油菜产量在最高的测试密度的授粉类群导致的产量值接近小蜜蜂群体的效率。4.食蚜蝇需要约5倍密度的红梅森蜂才能达到相似的坐果率和产量。因此，梅森蜜蜂在植物育种和管理授粉系统中更有效。然而，这两种自然传粉者类群在开放和封闭的作物生产系统中具有潜在的价值。
1 Declining numbers in honeybees and various wild bee species pose a threat to global pollination services. The identification and quantification of the pollination service provided by different taxa within the pollinator guild is a prerequisite for the successful establishment of nature conservation and crop management regimes. 2 Wild bees and hoverflies are considered to be valuable pollinators in agricultural and natural systems. Although some information on pollination efficiency of individual pollinator species is available, comparative studies of both taxa at different densities are rare. In the present study, the efficiency of the solitary mason bee Osmia rufa and two hoverfly species (Eristalis tenax and Episyrphus balteatus) as pollinators of oilseed rape Brassica napus was examined in a standardized caged plant breeding regime. Honeybee Apis mellifera colonies were used as a reference pollinator taxon. 3 Yield parameters responded differently to pollinator density and identity. Fruit set and number of seeds per pod increased with increasing pollinator density, although these were stronger in the mason bee than the hoverfly treatment. Weight per 1000 seeds did not respond to any pollinator treatment, indicating that seed quality was not affected. Oilseed rape yield in the highest tested densities of both pollinator taxa resulted in yield values close to the efficiency of small honeybee colonies. 4 Hoverflies required approximately five-fold densities of the red mason bees to reach a similar fruit set and yield. Thus, mason bees are more efficient in plant breeding and managed pollination systems. Both natural pollinator taxa, however, are of potential value in open and closed crop production systems.