Lipid droplets and liver disease: from basic biology to clinical implications.
Lipid droplets and liver disease: from basic biology to clinical implications.
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DOI：
10.1038/nrgastro.2017.32
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发表时间：
2017-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Farese RV Jr
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gluchowski NL;Becuwe M;Walther TC;Farese RV Jr
脂滴是一种动态细胞器，在能量过剩时储存中性脂类，在缺乏能量时充当能量储存库。许多流行的代谢性疾病，如代谢综合征或肥胖，往往会导致肝脏中脂滴中的脂肪异常堆积，也称为肝脏脂肪变性。肥胖相关的脂肪变性，尤其是NAFLD，是世界范围内一个主要的公共卫生问题，经常与胰岛素抵抗和2型糖尿病有关。在这里，我们回顾了对脂滴生物学的最新见解，以及它们在维持肝脏脂质动态平衡中的作用。我们还提供了一个前景的肝脏疾病的特点是脂质积累在这些脂质储存细胞器，其中包括非酒精性脂肪肝和病毒性肝炎。虽然这一知识的临床应用才刚刚开始，但我们强调了确定治疗肝脏脂肪变性和脂肪性肝炎的分子靶点的新机会。
Lipid droplets are dynamic organelles that store neutral lipids during times of energy excess and serve as an energy reservoir during deprivation. Many prevalent metabolic diseases, such as the metabolic syndrome or obesity, often result in abnormal lipid accumulation in lipid droplets in the liver, also called hepatic steatosis. Obesity-related steatosis, or NAFLD in particular, is a major public health concern worldwide and is frequently associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Here, we review the latest insights into the biology of lipid droplets and their role in maintaining lipid homeostasis in the liver. We also offer a perspective of liver diseases that feature lipid accumulation in these lipid storage organelles, which include NAFLD and viral hepatitis. Although clinical applications of this knowledge are just beginning, we highlight new opportunities for identifying molecular targets for treating hepatic steatosis and steatohepatitis.
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