Spatial Concentration of Opioid Overdose Deaths in Indianapolis: An Application of the Law of Crime Concentration at Place to a Public Health Epidemic
Spatial Concentration of Opioid Overdose Deaths in Indianapolis: An Application of the Law of Crime Concentration at Place to a Public Health Epidemic
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DOI：
10.1177/1043986218803527
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发表时间：
2019-05-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Ray, Bradley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carter, Jeremy G.;Mohler, George;Ray, Bradley
犯罪集中规律已经成为一个犯罪学公理，也是迄今为止最强有力的循证警务策略之一的基础。利用来自三个来源的纵向数据，紧急医疗服务电话，来自马里恩县（印第安纳州）验尸官办公室的死亡毒理学报告和警方犯罪数据，我们为这一文献提供了四个独特的贡献。首先，本研究首次提供了阿片类药物相关死亡的空间浓度估计。其次，我们的研究结果支持阿片类药物死亡的空间集中，以及这种方法在通常超出传统警务范围的公共卫生事件中的可行性。第三，我们发现阿片类药物过量死亡热点在空间上与暴力集中地区重叠。最后，我们应用了一种最新的方法，修正基尼系数，以最好地指定低氮事件浓度，并提出了一种新的方法来改进这种方法的缺点。讨论了对研究和干预措施的影响。
The law of crime concentration at place has become a criminological axiom and the foundation for one of the strongest evidence-based policing strategies to date. Using longitudinal data from three sources, emergency medical service calls, death toxicology reports from the Marion County (Indiana) Coroner's Office, and police crime data, we provide four unique contributions to this literature. First, this study provides the first spatial concentration estimation of opioid-related deaths. Second, our findings support the spatial concentration of opioid deaths and the feasibility of this approach for public health incidents often outside the purview of traditional policing. Third, we find that opioid overdose death hot spots spatially overlap with areas of concentrated violence. Finally, we apply a recent method, corrected Gini coefficient, to best specify low-N incident concentrations and propose a novel method for improving upon a shortcoming of this approach. Implications for research and interventions are discussed.