Global Patterns of Adolescent Fruit, Vegetable, Carbonated Soft Drink, and Fast-Food Consumption: A Meta-Analysis of Global School-Based Student Health Surveys
Global Patterns of Adolescent Fruit, Vegetable, Carbonated Soft Drink, and Fast-Food Consumption: A Meta-Analysis of Global School-Based Student Health Surveys
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DOI：
10.1177/0379572119848287
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发表时间：
2019-10-16
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Tumilowicz, Alison
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Beal, Ty;Morris, Saul S.;Tumilowicz, Alison
背景：青春期提供了影响饮食的机会，这会影响当前和未来的健康结果，但全球范围内对青少年饮食知之甚少。目标：我们生成全球青少年饮食的证据，并按亚人群探索模式和趋势。方法：我们根据 2008 年至 2015 年非洲、亚洲、大洋洲和拉丁美洲的全球校本学生健康调查，估计了 12 至 17 岁在校青少年的平均消费频率和少于每日水果和蔬菜消费、至少每日碳酸饮料消费和至少每周快餐消费的流行率。随机效应荟萃分析用于汇总全球和亚组的估计值。结果：平均而言，青少年每天食用水果 1.43（95% 置信区间 [CI] 1.26-1.60）次，蔬菜每天 1.75（1.58-1.92）次，碳酸软饮料每天 0.99（0.77-1.22）次，每周食用快餐 1.05（0.78-1.32）次。总体而言，34.5% (95% CI 29.4-39.7) 的人每天吃水果少于一次，20.6% (15.8-25.9) 每天吃蔬菜少于一次，42.8% (35.2-50.7) 每天至少喝一次碳酸软饮料，46.1% (38.6-53.7) 每周至少吃一次快餐。南亚和东亚的平均每日水果消费频率特别低（1.30 [1.02-1.58]）；拉丁美洲（1.54 [1.31-1.78]）、高收入国家（1.66 [1.29-2.03]）和现代食品系统类型（1.44 [0.75-2.12]）的碳酸软饮料消费量较高；混合食品系统类型中平均每周快餐消费量较高 (1.29 [0.88-1.71])。结论：在校青少年很少食用水果和蔬菜，而经常饮用碳酸软饮料，但不同亚人群之间存在很大差异。
Background: Adolescence presents an opportunity to influence diet, which impacts present and future health outcomes, yet adolescent diets globally are poorly understood. Objective: We generate evidence on adolescent diets globally and explore patterns and trends by subpopulation. Methods: We estimated mean frequency of consumption and prevalence of less-than-daily fruit and vegetable consumption, at-least-daily carbonated beverage consumption, and at-least-weekly fast-food consumption among school-going adolescents aged primarily 12 to 17 years from the Global School-based Student Health Surveys in Africa, Asia, Oceania, and Latin America between 2008 and 2015. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool estimates globally and by subgroup. Results: On average, adolescents consumed fruit 1.43 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.26-1.60) times per day, vegetables 1.75 (1.58-1.92) times per day, carbonated soft drinks 0.99 (0.77-1.22) times per day, and fast food 1.05 (0.78-1.32) times per week. Overall, 34.5% (95% CI 29.4-39.7) consumed fruit less than once per day, 20.6% (15.8-25.9) consumed vegetables less than once per day, 42.8% (35.2-50.7) drank carbonated soft drinks at least once per day, and 46.1% (38.6-53.7) consumed fast food at least once per week. Mean daily frequency of fruit consumption was particularly low in South and East Asia (1.30 [1.02-1.58]); carbonated soft drink consumption high in Latin America (1.54 [1.31-1.78]), high-income countries (1.66 [1.29-2.03]), and modern food system typologies (1.44 [0.75-2.12]); and mean weekly fast food consumption high in mixed food system typologies (1.29 [0.88-1.71]). Conclusions: School-going adolescents infrequently consume fruits and vegetables and frequently consume carbonated soft drinks, but there is wide variability by subpopulation.