Influence of response selection and noise similarity on age differences in the redundancy gain.
Influence of response selection and noise similarity on age differences in the redundancy gain.
复制标题
响应选择和噪声相似性对冗余增益年龄差异的影响。
DOI：
10.1093/geronj/48.4.p189
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发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Madden,DJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Allen,PA;Groth,KE;Weber,TA;Madden,DJ
我们研究了目标加噪声(TPN)和仅目标(TO)试验中目标冗余的影响。实验1操纵反应选择负荷(两个选项vs Go/no-Go)和实验2(均为两个选项)不同的噪声冗余(单个或累积噪声字母)，在视觉搜索中，目标字母呈现在四角显示器的一个、两个或三个角中。一半的试验还包括噪音信件。在实验1中，TO实验有一定的冗余收益。此外，相对于年轻人，老年人TO试验的冗余增加甚至比TPN试验更大，尽管反应选择负荷与年龄没有交互作用。这些结果与老年人表现出加工资源减少的概念是一致的。在实验2中，老年人证明TPN试验比TO试验有相对更大的冗余收益，尤其是在TPN试验中，所有非目标位置都充满了噪声字母。实验2的结果与老年人也表现出选择性注意力减退的观点是一致的。
We examined the impact of target redundancy for target-plus-noise (TPN) and target-only (TO) trials. Experiment 1 manipulated response selection load (two-choice vs go/no-go) and Experiment 2 (all two-choice) varied noise redundancy (single or cumulative noise letters) on a visual search, divided attention task in which target letters were presented in one, two, or three corners of a four-corner display. Half of the trials also included noise letters. For Experiment 1, there was a definite redundancy gain for TO trials. Furthermore, older adults, relative to young adults, evidenced an even larger redundancy gain for TO trials than for TPN trials, although response selection load did not interact with age. These results are consistent with the notion that older adults exhibit a processing resources decrement. For Experiment 2, older adults evidenced a relatively larger redundancy gain for TPN trials than for TO trials, and this was especially the case for TPN trials in which all nontarget locations were filled with noise letters. Experiment 2 results are consistent with the notion that older adults also exhibit a selective attention decrement.