Emerging protective and risk factors of mental health in Asian American students: findings from the 2013 Youth Risk Behavior Survey
Emerging protective and risk factors of mental health in Asian American students: findings from the 2013 Youth Risk Behavior Survey
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DOI：
10.1080/17450128.2015.1045437
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Arat, Gizem
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Arat, Gizem
大量研究发现，有关亚裔美国青少年心理健康的研究结果不一致。使用2013年青年危险行为调查的数据，这项研究调查了一组新出现的风险和保护因素(饮食模式、欺凌、网络欺凌、电视消费和体育活动)，在12至18岁的671名亚洲人中，与6415名高加索人和3477名非洲青少年相比，他们的心理社会困扰(抑郁和自杀意念)。使用描述性统计和双变量Logistic回归分析，本研究发现，亚裔学生(27.1%)的抑郁程度高于非洲学生(25.9%)，但低于高加索学生(29.4%)。亚裔学生(18.8%)的自杀意念高于非洲学生(15.9%)和高加索学生(16.8%)。结果还显示，较少的胡萝卜摄入量增加了抑郁的风险(优势比(OR)：1.53，95%可信区间(CI)：1.05，2.21)，而较高的牛奶和较少的碳酸软饮料摄入量降低了自杀意念的风险(OR：0.49，95%CI：0.26，.91，OR：0.53，95%CI：0.32，0.88)，仅适用于亚洲学生。然而，出乎意料的是，对学校财产的低水平欺凌导致了更高的抑郁(亚洲人，OR：1.53，95%CI：1.05，2.24；非洲人，OR：3.32，95%CI：2.96，3.72；以及高加索人，OR：2.40，95%CI：2.04，2.83)。同样，较低的网络欺凌(亚洲人，OR：3.54，95%CI：2.12，5.93；非洲人，OR：2.88，95%CI：2.47，3.34；以及高加索人，OR：2.59，95%CI：2.19，3.04)在所有种族群体中预测更高的抑郁和自杀意念的几率。在整个种族群体中自杀意念较高的另一个有趣的危险因素是高早餐消费量(亚洲人，OR：3.19，95%CI：1.91，5.31；非洲人，OR：1.52，95%CI：1.21，1.90；以及高加索人，OR：1.35，95%CI：1.17，1.54)。学校工作人员和心理健康专业人员应该接受符合文化要求的健康饮食模式，以促进亚裔美国人积极的青年发展。
A large number of studies observed inconsistent findings about mental health among Asian American adolescents. Using data from the 2013 Youth Risk Behavior Survey, this study examined a set of emerging risk and protective factors (dietary patterns, bullying, cyberbullying, TV consumption, and physical activity) for psychosocial distress (depression and suicidal ideation) in 12- to 18-year-old 671 Asian compared to 6,415 Caucasian and 3,477 African adolescents. Using descriptive statistics and bivariate logistic regression analysis, this study found that Asian students (27.1%) reported more depression than their African (25.9%) but less depression than their Caucasian (29.4%) counterparts. Asian students (18.8%) reported more suicidal ideation than their African (15.9%) and Caucasian (16.8%) counterparts. Results also depicted that lower carrot intake increased depression risk (odd ratio (OR): 1.53, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05, 2.21), while higher milk and less carbonated soft drink consumption decreased suicidal ideation risk (OR: .49, 95% CI: .26,.91, OR: .53, 95% CI: .32,.88, respectively), only applicable to Asian students. However, unexpectedly, low levels of bullying on school property resulted in higher depression (Asians, OR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.05, 2.24; Africans, OR: 3.32, 95% CI: 2.96, 3.72; and Caucasians, OR: 2.40, 95% CI: 2.04, 2.83). Similarly, lower cyber bullying (Asians, OR: 3.54, 95% CI: 2.12, 5.93; Africans, OR: 2.88, 95% CI: 2.47, 3.34; and Caucasians, OR: 2.59, 95% CI: 2.19, 3.04) predicted higher odds of depression and suicidal ideation in all racial groups. Another interesting risk factor of higher suicidal ideation in overall racial groups was high levels of breakfast consumption (Asians, OR: 3.19, 95% CI: 1.91, 5.31; Africans, OR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.21, 1.90; and Caucasians, OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.17, 1.54). School staff and mental health professionals should embrace culturally responsive healthy dietary patterns to promote positive youth development in Asian Americans.