Memory impairments identified in people at ultra-high risk for psychosis who later develop first-episode psychosis
Memory impairments identified in people at ultra-high risk for psychosis who later develop first-episode psychosis
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DOI：
10.1176/appi.ajp.162.1.71
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
17.7
通讯作者：
McGorry, PD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brewer, WJ;Francey, SM;McGorry, PD
目的：虽然认知功能障碍经常报告的精神障碍，目前还不清楚这些障碍是否早于发病，在何种程度上，他们是预测后期过渡到psychosis.Method：作者研究了37名健康志愿者和98个症状，寻求帮助的患者符合纳入标准的治疗方案的人在超高风险的精神病。在超高危患者中，34例（34.7%）在研究过程中出现精神病。采用韦氏记忆量表修订版（WMS-R）的子测验测量了发病前和发病后的智商、注意力、记忆力和执行功能。分析比较了那些成为精神病患者的超高风险患者、那些没有成为精神病患者的患者以及对照受试者。总体而言，超高风险受试者的操作智商显著低于对照受试者。在视觉再现子测验和言语记忆指数中也发现了损伤（主要是由于较低的逻辑记忆分数）的MS-R是针对患有精神病的超高风险患者的。没有其他的记忆，注意力，或执行任务之间的歧视任何groups.Conclusions：这些研究结果表明，视觉空间处理障碍和一些记忆缺陷是明显的精神疾病的充分表达之前。需要快速注册和有效的回忆更复杂的任务的认知性能可能会受到损害之前，首次发病的精神病。需要进一步的实验任务，挑战这些认知领域，以澄清这些结果的预测价值。
Objective: While cognitive deficits are frequently reported in psychotic disorders, it is unclear whether these impairments predate the onset of illness and to what extent they are predictive of later transition to psychosis.Method: The authors studied 37 healthy volunteers and 98 symptomatic, help-seeking patients meeting the inclusion criteria of a treatment program for people at ultra-high risk for psychosis. Of the ultra-high-risk patients, 34 (34.7%) developed psychosis over the course of the investigation. Premorbid and current IQ, attention, memory, and executive functioning were measured with instruments including subtests from the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R). Analyses compared the ultra-high-risk patients who became psychotic, those who did not become psychotic, and the comparison subjects.Results: Overall, the ultra-high-risk subjects had significantly lower performance IQs than the comparison subjects Further, impairments were also found in the visual reproduction subtest and the verbal memory index (predominantly owing to lower logical memory scores) of the for MS-R that were specific to the ultra-high-risk-patients who developed psychosis. No other memory, attentional, or executive tasks discriminated between any of the groups.Conclusions: These findings suggest that visuospatial processing impairment and some memory deficits were apparent before the full expression of psychotic illness. Cognitive performance on more complex tasks requiring rapid registration and efficient recall may be compromised before development of first-episode psychosis. Further experimental tasks that challenge these cognitive domains are required to clarify the predictive value of these results.