Implementing large-scale and long-term functional biodiversity research: The Biodiversity Exploratories
Implementing large-scale and long-term functional biodiversity research: The Biodiversity Exploratories
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DOI：
10.1016/j.baae.2010.07.009
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Weisser, Wolfgang W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fischer, Markus;Bossdorf, Oliver;Weisser, Wolfgang W.
功能性生物多样性研究探索生物多样性变化的驱动因素和功能后果土地利用变化是生物多样性变化以及生物地球化学和生物生态系统过程和服务的主要驱动因素。土地利用对遗传多样性和物种多样性的影响只在少数分类群和营养网络中得到了很好的记录，我们几乎不知道生物多样性的不同组成部分及其对土地利用变化的反应是如何相互关联的，关于土地利用对多种生态系统过程和服务的同时和相互作用的影响，我们还不知道土地利用对生态系统过程和服务的影响在多大程度上是由生物多样性变化介导的。总体目标是一方面了解土地利用对生物多样性的影响，另一方面了解生物多样性变化对土地的调整作用，对生态系统过程的影响，包括生物地球化学循环为了全面解决这些重要问题，我们最近建立了一个新的功能性生物多样性的大规模和长期项目，生物多样性探索中心（www biodiversity-exploratories de）它们包括德国三个不同地区的一套标准化田间小区，涵盖草原的多种管理类型和强度，森林它们是目前40个项目的联合研究平台，涉及300多人，通过监测、比较观察和实验研究土地利用生物多样性和生态系统过程之间关系的各个方面。生物多样性探索站的概念和设计-包括实地地块的选择和实施以及项目结构的主要方面-这包括一个共同的研究设计，包括生物多样性变化和生态系统过程的驱动因素和结果的变化，生物多样性和生态系统研究人员的跨学科整合，新一代综合生物多样性研究人员的培训，以及在德国和其他地方的真实的景观环境中促进功能性生物多样性研究（C）2010 Gesellschaft fur Okologie由Elsevier GmbH出版版权所有
Functional biodiversity research explores drivers and functional consequences of biodiversity changes Land use change is a major driver of changes of biodiversity and of biogeochemical and biological ecosystem processes and services However, land use effects on genetic and species diversity are well documented only for a few taxa and trophic networks We hardly know how different components of biodiversity and their responses to land use change are interrelated and very little about the simultaneous, and interacting, effects of land use on multiple ecosystem processes and services Moreover, we do not know to what extent land use effects on ecosystem processes and services are mediated by biodiversity change Thus, overall goals are on the one hand to understand the effects of land use on biodiversity and on the other to understand the modifying role of biodiversity change for land-use effects on ecosystem processes, including biogeochemical cycles To comprehensively address these Important questions, we recently established a new large-scale and long-term project for functional biodiversity, the Biodiversity Exploratories (www biodiversity-exploratories de) They comprise a hierarchical set of standardized field plots in three different regions of Germany covering manifold management types and intensities in grasslands and forests They serve as a joint research platform for currently 40 projects involving over 300 people studying various aspects of the relationships between land use biodiversity and ecosystem processes through monitoring, comparative observation and experiments We introduce guiding questions, concept and design of the Biodiversity Exploratories - including main aspects of selection and implementation of field plots and project structure - and we discuss the significance of this approach for further functional biodiversity research This includes the crucial relevance of a common study design encompassing variation in both drivers and outcomes of biodiversity change and ecosystem processes, the interdisciplinary integration of biodiversity and ecosystem researchers, the training of a new generation of integrative biodiversity researchers, and the stimulation of functional biodiversity research in real landscape contexts, in Germany and elsewhere (C) 2010 Gesellschaft fur Okologie Published by Elsevier GmbH All rights reserved