Do current smokers use more cigarettes and become more dependent on nicotine because of psychological distress after a natural disaster?
Do current smokers use more cigarettes and become more dependent on nicotine because of psychological distress after a natural disaster?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.01.030
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发表时间：
2019-06-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Read, Mary C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Alexander, Adam C.;Ward, Kenneth D.;Read, Mary C.
自然灾害增加了尼古丁依赖和香烟消费，但造成这种增加的确切机制和条件相对不清楚。本研究探讨了创伤后应激和抑郁症状是否是增加尼古丁依赖和香烟消费的途径，使用卡特里娜飓风袭击时居住在新奥尔良的当前吸烟者的代表性样本（n = 175），以及来自孟菲斯的吸烟者的比较样本（n = 222），他们没有直接受到卡特里娜飓风的影响。我们评估了尼古丁依赖和每日吸烟量是否因城市而异，并使用条件过程分析评估了这种关联的潜在中介和调节因素。结果表明，尽管尼古丁依赖（B = 0.46，SE = 0.20，p = 0.02）和平均每日卷烟消费量（B = 2.19，SE = 0.80，p = 0.01）在卡特里娜飓风后27个月，新奥尔良的吸烟者高于孟菲斯的吸烟者，飓风暴露并没有通过增加创伤后压力和抑郁症状间接影响尼古丁依赖和平均每日香烟消费量。暴露在灾难中的吸烟者可能不会因为灾后心理压力而增加吸烟量和对尼古丁的依赖。未来的研究应该调查其他机制和条件，以解释灾后吸烟行为的变化。
Natural disasters increase nicotine dependence and cigarette consumption, but the exact mechanisms and conditions responsible for this increase are relatively unclear. This study explored whether posttraumatic stress and depressive symptoms were pathways to increased nicotine dependence and cigarette consumption after disaster exposure using a representative sample of current smokers who were living in New Orleans at the time Hurricane Katrina struck (n = 175), and a comparison sample of smokers from Memphis (n = 222) who were not directly impacted by Hurricane Katrina. We assessed whether nicotine dependence and daily cigarette consumption differed by city and evaluated potential mediators and moderators of this association using conditional process analysis. Results showed that though nicotine dependence (B = 0.46, SE = 0.20, p = .02) and average daily cigarette consumption (B = 2.19, SE = 0.80, p = .01) were higher among New Orleans than Memphis smokers 27 months after Hurricane Katrina, hurricane exposure did not indirectly affect nicotine dependence and average daily cigarette consumption through increases in posttraumatic stress and depressive symptoms. Smokers who are exposed to disasters may not be increasing their cigarette use and their dependency on nicotine because of post-disaster psychological distress. Future studies should investigate other mechanisms and conditions to explain post-disaster changes in smoking behavior.