THE OPENING AND NEW USES OF TIANANMEN SQUARE AT THE BEGINNING OF TWENTIETH CENTURY
THE OPENING AND NEW USES OF TIANANMEN SQUARE AT THE BEGINNING OF TWENTIETH CENTURY
复制标题
二十世纪初天安门广场的开放和新用途
DOI：
10.3130/aija.81.499
复制
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Koji Ichikawa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Koji Ichikawa
本文旨在运用公共文献、报纸等文献资料，把握20世纪初天安门广场的变迁。在明清时代，天安门广场原本是一个“禁地广场”，然而在义和团起义和辛亥革命之后，这个广场在1913年元旦变成了公共空间。在向公众开放后，为了提高天安门广场的可达性，修建了几个新的大门。一些组织甚至计划将广场变成商业区，但未能实现。与新开放的公众通道相反，的安保措施变得更加严格，北京政府有时会垄断广场，并将其用于1913年和1914年国庆日袁世凯阅兵等活动。可以说，当时的天安门广场既有禁区的特征，又有公共空间的特征。
This paper aims to grasp the changes of Tiananmen Square at the beginning of the 20th century by using public documents, newspapers, and other literature. In the Ming and Qing eras, Tiananmen Square was originally a "forbidden square", however after the Boxer Rebellion and the Xinhai Revolution, the square became a public space on New Year’s Day in 1913. After opening to the public, several new gates were built in order to improve the accessibility of Tiananmen Square. Some organizations even planed to turn the square into a commercial district, but it failed to realize. On the contrary to the newly allowable public access, the security of Tiananmen became stricter, and the Beijing Government monopolized the square sometimes and used it for some events such as Yuan Shikai’s military parades on National Foundation Day in 1913 and 1914. It can be said that Tiananmen Square had characters of both a “forbidden square” and a public space at this time.