Extending models of hippocampal function in animal conditioning to human amnesia.
Extending models of hippocampal function in animal conditioning to human amnesia.
复制标题
将动物调节中的海马功能模型扩展到人类失忆症。
DOI：
10.1080/741941141
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Myers,CE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gluck,MA;Ermita,BR;Oliver,LM;Myers,CE
尽管大多数对健忘症的分析都集中在海马区损伤后明确的陈述性记忆和情景记忆的丧失，但通过研究简单程序性或基于习惯的联想学习任务中的海马功能，也可以对健忘症有深入的了解。尽管许多简单形式的联想学习不会受到海马体损伤的影响，但需要对非强化刺激、多种刺激的配置或上下文信息敏感的更复杂的任务会受到海马体损伤的损害。在最近的几篇论文中，我们发展了海马功能的计算理论，该理论认为该大脑区域在学习过程中新刺激表征的形成中起着关键作用（Gluck＆Myers，1993，1995；Myers＆Gluck，1996；Myers，Gluck，＆Granger，1995）。我们已将该理论应用于对完整动物和海马损伤动物进行经典条件反射研究的广泛经验数据，并且该模型正确地解释了这些数据。经典条件反射范式可以适用于人类，并且在正常人和海马受损的人类中都获得了类似的结果。最近，我们开始针对正常人和海马受损的遗忘症患者进行一系列重要的类别学习研究。这项工作将遗忘类别学习的实验研究（Knowlton、Squire 和 Gluck，1994）与联想学习的理论解释相结合，并建立在先前建立的动物条件反射和人类类别学习之间的行为对应关系的基础上（Gluck 和 Bower，1988a）。我们的工作是为了
Although most analyses of amnesia have focused on the loss of explicit declarative and episodic memories following hippocampal-region damage, considerable insights into amnesia can also be realised by studying hippocampal function in simple procedural, or habit-based, associative learning tasks. Although many simple forms of associative learning are unimpaired by hippocampal damage, more complex tasks which require sensitivity to unreinforced stimuli, configurations of multiple stimuli, or contextual information are impaired by hippocampal damage. In several recent papers we have developed a computational theory of hippocampal function which argues that this brain region plays a critical role in the formation of new stimulus representations during learning (Gluck & Myers, 1993, 1995; Myers & Gluck, 1996; Myers, Gluck, & Granger, 1995). We have applied this theory to a broad range of empirical data from studies of classical conditioning in both intact and hippocampal-lesioned animals, and the model correctly accounts for these data. The classical conditioning paradigm can be adapted for use in humans, and similar results for acquisition are obtained in both normal and hippocampaldamaged humans. More recently, we have begun to address an important set of category learning studies in both normals and hippocampal-damaged amnesics. This work integrates experimental studies of amnesic category learning (Knowlton, Squire, & Gluck, 1994) with theoretical accounts of associative learning, and builds on previously established behavioural correspondences between animal conditioning and human category learning (Gluck & Bower, 1988a). Our work to