Point-of-use water disinfection using ultraviolet and visible light-emitting diodes
Point-of-use water disinfection using ultraviolet and visible light-emitting diodes
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.02.039
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发表时间：
2016-05-15
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Stuetz, Richard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lui, Gough Yumu;Roser, David;Stuetz, Richard
迫切需要改进偏远和区域社区的使用点(POU)饮用水消毒技术。从概念上讲，UV-C发光二极管(LED)克服了基于低压汞管的UV器件的许多缺点，UV-A或可见光LED也显示出潜力。为了实际评估LED消毒的前景，我们的研究评估了1.3型L反应器的性能，该反应器的大小类似于太阳能消毒瓶。总共比较了12种不同的商用或半商用发光二极管阵列(2 70-74 0 nm)在6小时内灭活大肠杆菌K12ATCCW3110和粪肠球菌ATCC 19433的能力。310 nm阵列的输出不足以进行有效的消毒，而430和455 nm的性能微乎其微(在6h内接近4.2log(10)S大肠杆菌和2.3log(10)粪便大肠杆菌)。525、590、623、660和740 nm阵列未观察到显著消毒。观察到大肠杆菌对数阶段灭活的延迟，特别是在UV-A波长下。~gt；3-log(10)还原大肠杆菌和粪肠球菌所需的辐射剂量在270 nm处相差10倍，而在365-455 nm处仅相差1.5-2.5倍。两种指示剂都观察到了与文献一致的作用光谱。设计过程揭示了与LED电气效率、可用性和寿命相关的成本和技术限制。我们的结论是，使用现有的LED技术对POU LED进行消毒在技术上已经是可行的。UV-C LED提供速度和能源需求优势，而UV-A/紫色单元更安全。这两种方法仍然需要进一步的成本计算和工程开发。我们的研究提供了此类工作所需的数据。(C)2016爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
Improvements in point-of-use (POU) drinking water disinfection technologies for remote and regional communities are urgently needed. Conceptually, UV-C light-emitting diodes (LEDs) overcome many drawbacks of low-pressure mercury tube based UV devices, and UV-A or visible light LEDs also show potential. To realistically evaluate the promise of LED disinfection, our study assessed the performance of a model 1.3 L reactor, similar in size to solar disinfection bottles. In all, 12 different commercial or semi-commercial LED arrays (270-740 nm) were compared for their ability to inactivate Escherichia coli K12 ATCC W3110 and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 19433 over 6 h. Five log(10) and greater reductions were consistently achieved using the 270, 365, 385 and 405 nm arrays. The output of the 310 nm array was insufficient for useful disinfection while 430 and 455 nm performance was marginal (approximate to 4.2 and 2.3-log(10)s E. coli and E. faecalis over the 6 h). No significant disinfection was observed with the 525, 590, 623, 660 and 740 nm arrays. Delays in log-phase inactivation of E. coli were observed, particularly with UV-A wavelengths. The radiation doses required for >3-log(10) reduction of E. coli and E. faecalis differed by 10 fold at 270 nm but only 1.5-2.5 fold at 365-455 nm. Action spectra, consistent with the literature, were observed with both indicators. The design process revealed cost and technical constraints pertaining to LED electrical efficiency, availability and lifetime. We concluded that POU LED disinfection using existing LED technology is already technically possible. UV-C LEDs offer speed and energy demand advantages, while UV-A/violet units are safer. Both approaches still require further costing and engineering development. Our study provides data needed for such work. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.