The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates from Gulf Corporation Council countries
The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates from Gulf Corporation Council countries
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DOI：
10.1186/2047-2994-1-26
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Balkhy, Hanan H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aly, Mahmoud;Balkhy, Hanan H.
背景：全球范围内的抗菌素耐药性负担是巨大的，并有可能增长。许多因素在耐药性的出现中起作用。这些耐药机制可能编码在可转移基因上，这有助于相同和/或不同物种的细菌菌株之间的耐药性传播。其他耐药机制可能是由于染色体DNA的改变，使细菌能够承受环境和繁殖。许多，如果不是大多数，海湾公司理事会（GCC）国家没有明确的抗菌药物使用指南，并缺乏限制和审计抗菌药物处方的政策。目的：本研究的目的是审查海湾合作委员会国家抗生素耐药性的流行情况，并探讨该地区抗生素耐药性的原因。方法：PubMed数据库中使用以下关键词进行检索：结果：从1990年1月到2011年4月，共有45篇文章发表，对海湾合作委员会国家的抗生素耐药性进行了综述。在所有海湾合作委员会国家中，对37，295株细菌分离株进行了耐药性研究。最常见的病原菌为大肠埃希菌（10，073/44%），其次为肺炎克雷伯菌（4，709/20%）、铜绿假单胞菌（4，287/18.7%）、MRSA（1，216/5.4%）、不动杆菌（1，061/5%）、C.结论：近20年来，E.大肠埃希菌，其次是肺炎克雷伯菌，是海湾合作委员会国家报告的最常见微生物，有耐药性数据。
Background: The burden of antimicrobial resistance worldwide is substantial and is likely to grow. Many factors play a role in the emergence of resistance. These resistance mechanisms may be encoded on transferable genes, which facilitate the spread of resistance between bacterial strains of the same and/or different species. Other resistance mechanisms may be due to alterations in the chromosomal DNA which enables the bacteria to withstand the environment and multiply. Many, if not most, of the Gulf Corporation Council (GCC) countries do not have clear guidelines for antimicrobial use, and lack policies for restricting and auditing antimicrobial prescriptions.Objective: The aim of this study is to review the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in GCC countries and explore the reasons for antibiotic resistance in the region.Methodology: The PubMed database was searched using the following key words: antimicrobial resistance, antibiotic stewardship, prevalence, epidemiology, mechanism of resistance, and GCC country (Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, and United Arab Emirates).Results: From January 1990 through April 2011, there were 45 articles published reviewing antibiotic resistance in the GCC countries. Among all the GCC countries, 37,295 bacterial isolates were studied for antimicrobial resistance. The most prevalent microorganism was Escherichia coli (10,073/44%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (4,709/20%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4,287/18.7%), MRSA (1,216/5.4%), Acinetobacter (1,061/5%), with C. difficile and Enterococcus representing less than 1%.Conclusion: In the last 2 decades, E. coli followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most prevalent reported microorganisms by GCC countries with resistance data.