Prospects of complete feed system in ruminant feeding: A review.
Prospects of complete feed system in ruminant feeding: A review.
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DOI：
10.14202/vetworld.2017.424-437
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发表时间：
2017-04
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Ahmad HA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beigh YA;Ganai AM;Ahmad HA
有效利用现有饲料资源是经济畜牧业饲养的关键。完整饲料系统是以最佳方式开发动物饲料资源潜力的最新发展之一。全价饲料是所有日粮成分的定量混合物，充分混合以防止分离和选择，作为除水之外的唯一营养源饲喂，并按所需比例配制以满足特定的营养需求。精料和粗饲料的含量可根据不同生产目的的反刍动物的营养需求而变化。使用纤维状作物残渣的全价饲料是增加自愿采食量并从而提高动物生产性能的好方法。在该饲喂系统中，反刍动物可以连续自由选择均匀饲料混合物，从而使瘤胃负荷更加均匀，氨释放波动较小，从而支持更有效地利用瘤胃非蛋白氮。饲喂全价日粮可稳定瘤胃发酵，从而提高养分利用率。该饲喂系统允许在反刍动物日粮中扩大使用农工业副产品、农作物残留物和非常规饲料，以最大限度地提高产量并最大限度地降低饲喂成本，因此越来越受到重视。然而，要将这一概念广泛推广到田间并使这项技术对农民来说成功并可行，还需要付出更多的努力。
Effective utilization of available feed resources is the key for economical livestock rearing. Complete feed system is one of the latest developments to exploit the potential of animal feed resources in the best possible way. The complete feed is a quantitative mixture of all dietary ingredients, blended thoroughly to prevent separation and selection, fed as a sole source of nutrients except water and is formulated in a desired proportion to meet the specific nutrient requirements. The concentrate and roughage levels may vary according to the nutrient requirement of ruminants for different production purposes. The complete feed with the use of fibrous crop residue is a noble way to increase the voluntary feed intake and thus animal’s production performance. In this system of feeding, the ruminant animals have continuous free choice availability of uniform feed mixture, resulting in more uniform load on the rumen and less fluctuation in release of ammonia which supports more efficient utilization of ruminal non-protein nitrogen. Feeding complete diet stabilizes ruminal fermentation, thereby improves nutrient utilization. This feeding system allows expanded use of agro-industrial byproducts, crop residues and nonconventional feeds in ruminant ration for maximizing production and minimizing feeding cost, thus being increasingly appreciated. However, to extend the concept extensively to the field and make this technology successful and viable for farmers, more efforts are needed to be taken.